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Waves > Light And Sound > Flashcards

Light And Sound Flashcards

1
Q

Pitch

A

How high or low a sound is

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2
Q

Hertz

A

How pitch is measured 1 wave/1 second

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3
Q

Infrasound

A

Sound below 20 Hertz

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4
Q

Ultrasound

A

Sound above 20,000 Hertz

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5
Q

Intensity

A

The amount of energy in sound, the higher the intensity, the higher the amplitude

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6
Q

Decibel

A

The unit used to measure volume

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7
Q

Doppler Effect

A

The perceived change in pitch as a object creating a sound is moved past a listener

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8
Q

Sound quality

A

The quality of every object producing its own sound

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8
Q

Transmission

A

The movement of waves through matter

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9
Q

Reflection

A

The bouncing back of a wave after hitter an object

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10
Q

Absortion

A

The disappearing of a wave into an object

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11
Q

Transparent

A

Almost all light passes through

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12
Q

Translucent

A

Some light passes through

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13
Q

Opaque

A

Not light passes through

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14
Q

Scattering

A

The spreading out of a wave because particles are either reflecting or absorbing the light

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15
Q

Primary Colors

A

The colors that combine to make any other colors

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16
Q

Secondary Colors

A

The colors produced when two primary colors are combined equally

17
Q

Complementary Colors

A

Any two colors that combine to produce white light or black pigment

18
Q

Concave Mirror

A

A mirror that reflects light inwards making the object appear upside down

19
Q

Convex Mirrors

A

A mirror that reflects light outwards and has no focal point

20
Q

Concave Lens

A

Lens is reflected outward twice. This causes the image to be both smaller and upright.

21
Q

Convex Lens

A

Light is refracted inward twice once when entering the lens and again when exiting the lens. This makes the image appear right side up and upside down.

22
Q

Focal Point

A

Where all reflected light rays cross each other

23
Q

Cones

A

Cells that respond to color, specifically the prime colors of light, red, green and blue.

24
Q

Rods

A

Cells that resound to movement and contrast

25
Q

Regular Reflection

A

Reflection off a flat surface. Parallel light rays remain parallel.

26
Q

Diffuse Reflection

A

Reflection off an irregular surface. Parallel light rays reflect in different directions.

27
Q

Factors that affect the speed of sound

A
  1. Temperature: The higher the temperature the faster the speed of sound
  2. Stiffness: The stiffer the material the faster the speed of sound
  3. Density: Typically the denser the material the faster the sound. But stiffness plays a role. 2 materials of equal stiffness but different densities will transfer differently. The denser will be slower.
28
Q

What is the relationship between pitch and frequency?

A

Frequency determines pitch. The higher the frequency the higher the pitch.

29
Q

What is the range of human hearing? What is the range of infrasound and ultrasound?

A

Human hearing: 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz
Infrasound: Sounds below 20 Hz
Ultrasound: Sounds above 20,000 Hz

30
Q

Why do sounds fade?

A

When waves spread out so their is less energy

31
Q

Define the Doppler effect and explain it

A

The perceived change in pitch when an object making a sound moves past the listener. When it pulls past the waves begin to get farther and farther apart causing the waves to spread out, so the pitch would drop.

32
Q

Why do instruments sound different?

A

Sound quality

33
Q

Fundamental Tones

A

The actual note/tone being played

34
Q

Overtones

A

High frequency waves produced by the object

35
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum from low frequency to high?

A 
Radiowaves
Microwaves
Infared
Ultraviolet
Visible
X-rays
Gamma rays
36
Q

Primary and secondary colors of pigment?

A

Primary: Yellow, Magenta, Cyan
Secondary: Green, Red, Blue

37
Q

Primary and secondary colors of light?

A

Primary: Red, Green, Blue
Secondary: Yellow, Magenta, Cyan

38
Q

What type of lens is in our eye and how does it work?

A

Convex

39
Q

How are images formed through convex lens?

A

Light is refracted inward twice once when entering the lens and again when exiting the lens. This makes the image appear right side up and upside down.

40
Q

How are images formed through concave lens?

A

Light is reflected outward twice. This causes the image to be both smaller and upright.

Waves (2 decks)

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