Light and Optics

Question 1

Formula speed of a wave

Answer 1

λf = v

Question 2

Formula for energy of a photon

Answer 2

E(photon) = hf = hc/λ

Question 3

Speed of light

Answer 3

C = 3.0 x 10^8 m/s

Question 4

Relationship between energy, frequency and wave length

Answer 4

As energy increases, frequency increases and wave length decreases, and vice versa

Question 5

Angle of incidence is equal to the angle of

Answer 5

Reflection

Question 6

Snell’s Law of refraction

Answer 6

n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2

Only angles up to 90 degrees

Question 7

When moving from a smaller index of refraction (n) to a bigger one your θ

Answer 7

Goes from bigger θ to smaller θ (moves closer to the normal)

Question 8

Formula for index of refraction

Answer 8

n = c (vac)/v(medium) > 1

Question 9

How does the frequency of light change from medium to medium

Answer 9

It doesn’t change

Question 10

Formula for total internal refraction

Answer 10

sinθ (critical) = n2/n1

When no light gets refracted

Question 11

Dispersion

Answer 11

Index of refraction is different for different wavelengths

Question 12

Colors from low to high wavelengths

Answer 12

ROYGBIV

Question 13

When you’re moving from a high n to a low n your angle moves

Answer 13

Away from the normal

Question 14

Formula for bright fringes

Answer 14

dsinθ = mλ

Question 15

Formula for dark fringes

Answer 15

dsinθ = (m + 1/2)λ

Question 16

Reflected rays are inverted when going from ____ to ____ index of refraction

Answer 16

Smaller to larger

Question 17

Formula for thin films with no phase shift

Answer 17

2t = (m+1/2)λ(film)

Question 18

Formula for thin films with a phase shift between reflected rays

Answer 18

2t = mλ(film)

Question 19

X-ray diffraction

Answer 19

Diffraction of x-rays by atoms can be used to determine a substance’s crystal structure

Question 20

Adding waves in phase will cause what kind of interference

Answer 20

Constructive interference

Question 21

Adding waves out of phase will cause what kind of interference

Answer 21

Destructive interference

Question 22

When a color gets removed due to destructive interference what happens

Answer 22

The complementary color will show up

Question 23

Formula for mirror and lens distances to an object or image

Answer 23

1/do + 1/di = 1/f

do > 0; always

Question 24

Formula for maginification

Answer 24

m = -di/do = hi/ho

Question 25

How does magnification value affect the image

Answer 25

m > upright
m < upside down
|m| > 1 appears larger
|m| < 1 appears smaller

Question 26

Lens Strength

Answer 26

1/f (unit is Diopters; f must be in meters)

Question 27

Mirror behavior

Answer 27

converging —> concave

Diverging —> convex

Question 28

Lens behavior

Answer 28

Converging —> convex

Diverging —> concave

Question 29

Formula for frequency using radius of curvature

Answer 29

f = 1/2R

Question 30

di > 0

Answer 30

Real image and inverted

Question 31

di < 0

Answer 31

Virtual and upright

Question 32

m > 0

Answer 32

Upright

Question 33

m < 0

Answer 33

Inverted

Question 34

For converging mirrors how does the position of the image affect its status

Answer 34

Above the principal axis: inverted

Below the principal axis: upright

Question 35

di < do

Answer 35

Image appears smaller than the actual object

Question 36

di > do

Answer 36

Image appears bigger than the actual object

Question 37

Spherical Aberration

Answer 37

The farther you are from the focal point the less sharp the image will look.

Rays won’t converge at a single point

Question 38

In diverging mirrors the focal point will always be

Answer 38

Negative