Ligaments

Question 1

cruciate ligaments are _capsular but _synovial

Answer 1

intracapsular, but

extrasynovial

Question 2

cruciate ligaments limit TF _

Answer 2

IR

Question 3

ACL origin and insertion

Answer 3

O: posteriomedial aspect of lateral femoral condyle

I: just anteromedial to the intercondylar eminence

Question 4

3 distinct bands of fibers of ACL and when are they taught?

Answer 4

1. anteromedial - taught in flexion
2. posterolateral - taught in extension
3. intermediate

Question 5

ACL functions (3)

Answer 5

1. prevent anterior displacement of tibia on a fixed femur
2. prevents excessive rotation of tibia on a fixed femur
3. secondary support to varus and valgus forces, hyperextension

Question 6

PCL origin and insertion

Answer 6

O: lateral surface of medial femoral condyle
I: posterior to the intercondylar eminence

Question 7

differences b/w PCL and ACL:

Answer 7

PCL shorter,
PCL thicker,
PCL stronger,
PCL less oblique

Question 8

2 distinct bands of PCL

Answer 8

1. posterior

2. anterior

Question 9

PCL functions (3)

Answer 9

1. prevent posterior displacement of tibia on fixed femur
2. prevents hyperextension of tibiofemoral joint
3. secondary restraint to varus and valgus forces

Question 10

ACL injuries might need

Answer 10

surgical repair

Question 11

ACL injuries can occur how

Answer 11

non-contact,

dynamic valgus

Question 12

dynamic valgus of ACL is _x more likely in male or female?

Answer 12

4-10x more likely in females

Question 13

this ligament attaches posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle

Answer 13

meniscofemoral ligaments

Question 14

meniscofemoral ligament: Ligament of Humphrey is found

Answer 14

anterior to PCL

Question 15

meniscofemoral ligament: Ligament of Wrisberg is found

Answer 15

posterior to PCL

Question 16

MCL origin and insertion

Answer 16

O: medial femoral condyle, inferior to adductor tubercle
I: medial condyle of tibia

Question 17

2 components of the MCL

Answer 17

1. deep fibers (attach to medial meniscus)

2. superficial fibers

Question 18

MCL functions (2)

Answer 18

1. restrict valgus forces

2. prevent excessive ER

Question 19

LCL origin and insertion

Answer 19

O: lateral femoral condyle
I: fibular head

Question 20

LCL function

Answer 20

protect against varus forces

Question 21

LCL prevents what movement

Answer 21

excessive ER

Question 22

LCL is _capsular

Answer 22

extracapsular

Question 23

MCL treatment is _ even when other structures are involved

Answer 23

non-operative treatment

Question 24

LCL treatment

Answer 24

operative treatment

Question 25

which collateral ligament is extracapsular and relies on synovial fluid for nutrition?

Answer 25

LCL

Question 26

which collateral ligament has poor healing properties?

Answer 26

LCL

Question 27

which collateral ligament is important in providing rotational stability that necessitates surgical repair?

Answer 27

LCL

Question 28

which collateral ligament has high complication rates due to post-op stiffness and patellorfemoral dysfunction?

Answer 28

MCL

Question 29

which collateral ligament requires aggressive functional rehab to restore long-term stability?

Answer 29

MCL