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Psychology Unit 1 > Lifespan Psychology > Flashcards

Lifespan Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Define accommodation

A

Changing/ manipulating a Schema in order to fit in new information.

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2
Q

What is Piaget’s theory?

A

Piaget thought that children passed through 4 sequential changes, achieving KCA’s (Key Cognitive Achievements) at each stage.

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3
Q

What are the four stages?

A
  • Sensory Motor Stage (Birth - 2 years)
  • Pre Operational Stage (2 - 7 years)
  • Concrete Operational Stage (7 - 11 years)
  • Formal Operational Stage (12 + years)
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4
Q

Assimilation definition:

A

The process of taking new information and fitting it in to and making it part of a (Schema: Concept/ big idea about the world).

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5
Q

What are the KCA’s of the Sensory Motor Stage?

A

Object permanence

Goal directed behaviour

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6
Q

What are the KCA’s of the Pre- Operational Stage

A 
Egocentrism 
Decentered thought
Transformation 
Reversibility 
Animism
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7
Q

What are the KCA’s of the Concrete Operational Stage?

A

Conservation

Classification

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8
Q

What are the KCA’s of the Formal Operational Stage?

A

Abstract thinking

Logical thinking

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9
Q

What is object permanence?

A

The understanding that even though an object can’t be seen or touched it still exists

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10
Q

What is goal directed behaviour?

A

A behaviour that is driven by a certain purpose in order to achieve something

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11
Q

What is egocentrism

A

Trouble seeing things from an other persons point of view.

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12
Q

What is animism?

A

The belief that everything that exists has a soul or some type of consciousness

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13
Q

What is transformation?

A

The understanding that an object can change from one state to an other.

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14
Q

What is centration?

A

The incapability to focus on more than one quality of an object at a time

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15
Q

What is reversibility?

A

The ability to follow something back to its original point.

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16
Q

What is conservation?

A

That an object doesn’t change its mass, weight or volume just because it’s shape or appearance changes.

17
Q

What is classification?

A

The ability to classify information into categories

18
Q

What is abstract thinking?

A

The ability to think without needing to visualise things in order to understand concepts

19
Q

What is logical thinking?

A

The ability to develop plans and solve problems?

20
Q

What is emotional development?

A

Relatively permanent age related changes in how an individual experience different feelings and how these feelings are expressed, interpreted and dealt with.

21
Q

What is a surrogate?

A

A substitute - a person who takes care of a child when normal parents are unavailable

22
Q

What is an attachment target?

A

Care givers/ person an infant forms an attachment to. (6-8 months; first meaningful attachment)

23
Q

Define Proximity Maintenance

A

The infants desire to be near the person(s) to whom it is attached to.

24
Q

Define Secure Base.

A

Perceive the attachment target as a base to explore their environment.

25
Q

Define Separation Distress.

A

Infant experiences distress when caregiver is absent

26
Q

Define Safe Haven

A

Perceive the attachment target as a figure to go to when distressed for comfort.

27
Q

What is Secure Attachment?

A

An infant who has formed a secure attachment shows a balance between dependence and exploration

28
Q

Define Secure Attachment

A

Infant is playful, curious, sociable and explores.

29
Q

Define Resistant Attachment

A

Infant constantly checks caregivers where abouts, calling, pleading, tries to re establish contact, clings, then resists contact.

30
Q

Define Avoidant Attachment

A

Infant maintains distance and avoids close contact with others

31
Q

What is the Attachment Theory?

A

Infants need a secure relationship with an adult caregiver in order for a healthy emotional development to occur.

Psychology Unit 1 (6 decks)

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