lifespan aos

Question 1

what is the prenatal stage of the human lifespan

Answer 1

starts when sperm penetrates an egg and ends at birth. characterised by rapid growth and development of body’s organs and structures

Question 2

what is the infancy stage of the human lifespan

Answer 2

starts at birth and ends at 2nd birthday. type of growth is rapid with many changes. milestones include
-motor skills
-using simple words
-identifying familiar people

Question 3

what is the early childhood stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 3

starts at end of infancy and ends at 6th birthday
slow and steady growth. milestones:
-toilet trained
-eating independently
-making friends
-using social skills

Question 4

what is the late childhood stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 4

starts at 6th birthday and ends at 12th birthday
slow and steady growth. milestones:
-developing long term memory
-understanding gender stereotypes
-refining reading, writing and motor skills

Question 5

what is the youth stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 5

starts at 12 years old and ends at 18 years old.
rapid growth. characterised by:
-independence
-sexual maturity
-developing life goals

Question 6

what is the early adulthood stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 6

starts at 18 years old and ends at 40 years old.
reaching peak (25-30 yrs old), physical maintenance/repair
milestones:
-career building, choosing life partner, marriage and children

Question 7

what is the middle adulthood stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 7

starts 40 yrs old ends at 65 yrs old.
characteristics:
-work/relationship stability
-physical ageing
-maturation of identity
-values financial security
-children gain independence
-becoming grandparents

Question 8

what is the late adulthood stage of the human lifespan?

Answer 8

starts at 65yrs old ends at death
characteristics:
-enduring grief
-decline in physical health and wellbeing
-satisfaction/regret about life

Question 9

what is physical development?

Answer 9

physical development is changes occurring to body and it’s systems. includes external and internal changes.

Question 10

examples of physical development in youth

Answer 10

• growth spurt
• immune system development

Question 11

intellectual development

Answer 11

increase in complexities of processes in the brain

Question 12

examples of intellectual development in youth

Answer 12

• increased vocab
• more focus on the future

Question 13

emotional development

Answer 13

feelings and ways individuals learn to express, control and understand them

Question 14

examples of emotional development in youth

Answer 14

• detachment from parents
• gaining sense of identity

Question 15

social development

Answer 15

increasing complexity of behaviour

Question 16

examples of social development in youth

Answer 16

• gaining paid employment
• striving for independance

Question 17

fertalisation

Answer 17

when two half cells from each parent combine to make a complete cell called a zygote

Question 18

ovum

Answer 18

female productive cell (the egg). contains 23 chromosomes

Question 19

sperm

Answer 19

male reproductive cell. contains 23 chromosomes

Question 20

zygote

Answer 20

the fertilisation of a woman’s egg (ovum). contains 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs and holds all of the baby’s genetic characteristics and sex

Question 21

implantation

Answer 21

when the zygote attaches inside the walls of the uterus

Question 22

what is the germinal stage of PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 22

0-2 weeks.
- 30 hours after fertilisation, cell splits for the first time
- cell division continues for life, after three days zygote consists of 16 cells
- formation of the placenta begins

Question 23

what is the embryonic stage of PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 23

3-8 weeks
- organs, brain and spine, facial features and tiny muscles start to develop
- heart begins to beat and limbs appear
- brain is now active

Question 24

what is the foetal stage of PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 24

9-40 weeks
- teeth, tongue, tastebuds and organs begin to form
- eyebrows and eyelashes grow
- foetus assumes ‘head down’ position in preparation for birth

Question 25

considerations in becoming a parent?

Answer 25

can the child’s needs be met?
can an environment that promotes optimal development be provided?
are the changes that parenting will bring, acceptable?

Question 26

Federal government program

Answer 26

MEDICARE :: pregnant women can access ranges of funded health services

Question 27

Victorian government program

Answer 27

MY HEALTH, LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT BOOK :: parents of newborns can record child milestones, health/wellbeing, growth, development and immunisations

Question 28

Local government facilities

Answer 28

playgroups for infants, toddlers, preschoolers and their parents

Question 29

personal programs / strategies

Answer 29

• reducing stress levels
• attending birthing class
• having regular prenatal health checks to monitor health

Question 30

what is cephalocaudal development?

Answer 30

where development occurs from the head downwards

Question 31

what is proximodistal development?

Answer 31

when development occurs from the core of the body outwards towards extremities

Question 32

what is epigenetics?

Answer 32

how genes children inherit provide info that guides their development and tell us that early experiences can have lifelong effects

Question 33

epigenome

Answer 33

set of instructions that decide which bits of DNA are activated or deactivated

Question 34

what is the authoritarian parenting practise?

Answer 34

strong focus on discipline, angry/forceful expectations that are demanded and never explained

Question 35

what is the authoritative parenting practise?

Answer 35

fair discipline that caters for self esteem, good behaviour is awarded, limits/boundaries are set and explained

Question 36

what is the permissive parenting practise?

Answer 36

little/no expectations of child, ignores bad behaviour, parents give in easily to child’s demands

Question 37

what is the uninvolved parenting practise?

Answer 37

tend to be neglectful, unresponsive and don’t communicate, may use abuse to discipline child.