Lifespan Flashcards
Risk factors for prenatal development
Smoking and alcohol
Protective factors for prenatal development
Iodine, calcium, and folate
The stages of the lifespan
Prenatal
Infancy
Early childhood
Late childhood
Youth
Early adulthood
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood
Ages of each stage of the lifespan
- Conception to birth
- 0-2 years
- 2-7 years
- 7-12 years
- 12-18 years
- 18-40 years
- 40-65 years
- 65 years to death
One developmental milestone for each stage of the lifespan
- organ systems form
- learn to walk
- develop friendships
- learn to control emotions
- sexual maturity
- reach full height
- metabolism slows down
- memory decline
3 stages of prenatal development
Germinal, embryonic, and foetal
Timeframe and characteristic of the germinal stage
Fertilisation to implantation, sperm and ovum fuse together
Timeframe and characteristic of the embryonic stage
Implantation to 8 weeks, all organ systems form
Timeframe and characteristic of the foetal stage
9 weeks to birth, organs begin functioning
Characteristics of an unhealthy relationship
- Dishonesty
- Unsafe
- No communication
Characteristics of a healthy relationship
- Trust
- Communication
- Safety
Benefits of becoming a parent
- Nurturing something to grow and develop
- Continuing family name and tradition
- New person to love
- Provide purpose
Cons of becoming a parent
- Expensive
- Time
- Limits freedom
- Hard decisions
- Stress
Folate - maternal diet
Found in green leafy vegetables, eggs, chicken
Essential for cell division and growth
Not enough can lead to neural tube defect, low birth weight, and limb development
Iodine - maternal diet
Fish, eggs, cows milk, strawberries
Promotes development of brain and nervous system
Can cause decrease in hearing and motor skills
Calcium - maternal diet
Milk, yoghurt, cheese
Strengthening of bones and teeth
Teeth may have trouble erupting through gums, increase in brittle bones, increased risk of breaks
Smoking as a teratogen
Nicotine and harmful chemicals passed onto the foetus via placenta
Decreases blood flow to placenta and therefore unborn baby and reduce oxygen levels
May cause respiratory issues and low birth weight
Alcohol as a teratogen
Poorer development of placenta, decreased nutrients reach baby and increase risk of low birth weight
Can impact brain dev and therefore cognitive abilities
FASD - impacts structure of face and ability to manage emotions (thin upper lip, smooth philtrum)
Physical development (PIES)
Changes that occur to the body and its systems over the lifespan
- gross motor skills
- fine motor skills
- growth
- changes to body systems (skeletal, immune, etc)
Intellectual dev (PIES)
Increase in complexity of processes in the brain such as thought, memory, and knowledge
- decision making
- language dev
- reasoning
- numeracy skills
- concentration
Emotional dev (PIES)
Experiencing a full range of emotions and being able to appropriately express them
- Build resilience
- Sense of self
- Learning to express emotions appropriately
Social dev (PIES)
Refers to the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people
- Behaviours towards others
- Communication skills
- Conflict resolution
- Relationship skills
Characteristics of dev
Dev is orderly
Dev builds on prior learning
Proceeds at an individual rate
Continuous throughout life
