Life Science

Question 1

Algae

Answer 1

Primitive. Range single cell - huge seaweed. Inhabit lakes/oceans

Question 2

Fungi

Answer 2

Primitive. Molds yeast mushrooms. Lack chlorophyll. Cannot make food. Either parasites eating other food. Or saprophytes living off waste/decay.

Question 3

Ferns

Answer 3

Advanced. Lack seeds and reproduce by spores which develop without fertilization

Question 4

Gymnosperms

Answer 4

Advanced. Male pollen grains carried to the female ovule by winds and insects. Cone bearing. With seeds exposed.

Question 5

Angiosperms

Answer 5

Advanced. Flowering plants that bear seeds within fruits.

Question 6

Photosynthesis

Answer 6

Metabolic pathway that converts light energy into chemical energy.

Convert CO2 and H2O into simple sugars.

Question 7

Chlorophyll

Answer 7

A green colored magnesium containing pigment. Needed for photosynthesis. Usually present in ant leaves and other parts as well.

Question 8

Cell

Answer 8

The smallest amount of living matter. A bit of organic material that is the unit of structure and function for all organisms.

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

Membrane enclosed organelle found in all eukaryotic cells. Contains most of a cells genetic DNA

Question 10

Chloroplasts

Answer 10

Organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae thats conduct photosynthesis. Absorb light and use it with H2O

Question 11

5 plant groups

Answer 11

Algae 
Fungi
Ferns
Gymnosperms 
Angiosperms

Question 12

Mitochondrion

Answer 12

Cellular power plants generate most of the cells supply of adenosine triphosphate.

Question 13

Digestion

Answer 13

Breaking down of chemicals in the body into a form that can be absorbed. The majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the small intestine. Absorption in stomach and gastrointestinal tract. Process finish with defecation.

Question 14

Circulatory system

Answer 14

An organ system that moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells. Helps fight diseases and stabilizes body temp and pH to maintain homeostasis.

Question 15

Sensory system

Answer 15

Includes those specialized structures that initiate a nerve impulse after being affected by the environment.

Question 16

Nervous system

Answer 16

Is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves that extend throughout the body

Question 17

Neuron

Answer 17

A nerve cell with short dendrites that carry electrical impulses to the cell body, and a long axon, the outgoing fiber along which the impulse is transmitted further.

Question 18

Hindbrain

Answer 18

(Cerebellum and medulla oblongata) operates unconsciously and automatically to regulate vital functions like circulation, respiration, excretion, and muscle tension.

Question 19

Cerebrum

Answer 19

Is the largest part of the brain. It receives information from the senses and makes conscious decisions.

Question 20

Ecology

Answer 20

The study of living organisms

Question 21

Adaptation

Answer 21

A characteristic of an organism that has been favored by natural selection and increases the fitness of its possessor. Structural behavioral or physiological.

Question 22

Food chain

Answer 22

Producers 
Primary consumers (herbivores)
Secondary consumers 
Tertiary consumers 
Decomposers

Question 23

Producers

Answer 23

Organisms in an ecosystem that produce biomass from inorganic compounds (autotrophs). Producers are green plants in an ecosystem that can make their own food through photosynthesis.

Question 24

Primary consumers (herbivores)

Answer 24

Plant eaters. Can range in size

Question 25

Secondary consumers

Answer 25

Carnivores. Feed on primary consumers. Meat eaters

Question 26

Tertiary consumers

Answer 26

Organisms that feed on smaller primary and secondary consumers.

Question 27

Decomposers

Answer 27

Organisms that consume dead organisms. Heterotrophic, they use organic substrates to get their energy, carbon, and nutrients for growth and development. Primary decomposers: bacteria and fungi

Question 28

Meiosis

Answer 28

A process of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half. Always results in the formation of gametes. Needed for sexual reproduction.

Question 29

Mitosis

Answer 29

Cell division is the division of the parent cell’s genome into two daughter cells.

Question 30

Genome

Answer 30

Is composed of a number of chromosomes that contain genetic information vital for proper cell function.

Question 31

Stages of mitosis

Answer 31

Interphase 
Prophase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase