Life Processes- Respiration

Question 1

Pathways of Respiration

Answer 1

Glucose—>Pyruvate
(in mitochondria)

1) Sufficient O2 [MITOCHONDRIA]: Pyruvate—> CO2+H2O+38ATP
2) Less O2 [MUSCLE CELLS]: Pyruvate—> Lactic Acid+2ATP
3) No O2 [YEAST CELLS]: Pyruvate—> Ethanol+CO2+ 2ATP

Question 2

ATP

Answer 2

1) Full Form- Adenosine Triphosphate
2) Functions- Energy Currency of the cell
A Neurotransmitter
3) Formation- ADP+P—> ADP~P—>ATP
{breaking this bond releases 30.5kJ/mol energy}

Question 3

Respiration in Humans

Answer 3

1) Human- Lungs
2) Fish- Gills
3) Frog- Lungs+Moist skin
4) earthworm- Moist skin
5) Mosquito- Trachea
5) Cockroach- Spiracles

Question 4

Parts of Human Respiratory System

Answer 4

1) Nostrils- Entry+Filtration+Warming of Air
2) Pharynx- common passage of food and air
3) Larnyx- Voice Box
4) Epiglottis- seals trachea to prevent food entry
5) Trachea- C-shaped rings of cartilage
6) Bronchi- entry of air into lungs
7) Bronchioles- further divisions of bronchi
8) Alveoli- thin membrane full of capillaries; exchange of gases