Life processes and variety of living organisms Flashcards
What are the 8 life processes that all living organisms do?
Move, Respire, Grow, Respond, Control, Excrete, Nutrition, Reproduce.
What is respiration?
The breakdown of organic molecules to release energy.
Are plants unicellular or multicellular?
Multicellular.
What structure in plants allows them to carry out photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts.
What is the plant cell wall made of?
Cellulose.
How do plants store glucose?
As starch or sucrose.
Are animals unicellular or multicellular?
Multicellular.
Do animal cells have a cell wall?
No.
What system do animals use for coordination?
The nervous system.
How do animals store glucose?
As glycogen.
Are animals capable of movement?
Yes, they can move from one place to another.
What is the fungal cell wall made of?
Chitin.
How do fungi store carbohydrates?
As glycogen.
What is the body of a fungus made of?
Mycelium, which is made of thread-like structures called hyphae.
What is an example of a unicellular fungus?
Yeast.
What is an example of a multicellular fungus?
Mucor (bread mold).
What type of nutrition do fungi use and describe how it works?
Saprotrophic nutrition: Release of extracellular enzymes to digest organic molecules and then absorb organic products
Are protoctists unicellular or multicellular?
Unicellular.
Do protoctists have a cell wall?
No.
Give an example of an animal-like protoctist.
Amoeba.
Give an example of a plant-like protoctist.
Chlorella.
Which protoctist causes malaria?
Plasmodium.
Pathogenic
Do bacteria have a nucleus?
No, they have circular DNA instead.
What is the bacterial cell wall made of?
Murein.
What additional structures do bacteria have for movement and protection?
A slime capsule and a flagellum.
What are plasmids?
Rings of DNA in bacteria.
Give an example of useful bacteria.
Lactobacillus (used in yogurt production).
Which bacteria causes pneumonia?
Pneumococcus.
Pathogenic
Are viruses considered living organisms? Why or why not?
No, because they do not grow, respire, or require nutrition.
Do viruses have a cellular structure?
No.
Are viruses pathogenic?
Yes, they can cause diseases.
Which virus causes AIDS?
HIV.
Which virus damages plant chloroplasts?
Tobacco Mosaic Virus.
What are the two main components of a virus?
A protein coat (capsid) and genetic material (DNA or RNA).
