Life Course Chapter 9: Late Adulthood

Question 1

late adulthood

Answer 1

1/3 - 1/4 of a person’s life 65-120

Question 2

dependency ratio

Answer 2

a deomographic indicator that expressed=s the degree of demand placed on society by the young and aged combined, the ratio of dependent age groups to the working-age population

Question 3

Six traits for growing old with grace

Answer 3

1. Caring about others and remaining open to new ideas
2. showing cheerful tolerance of the indignities of old age
3. Maintaining hope
4. Maintaining a sense of humor and capacity for play
5. Taking sustenance from past accomplishments while remaining curious and continuing to learn from the next generation
6. Maintaining contact and intimacy with old friends.

Question 4

Disengagement theory

Answer 4

elderly persons gradually disengage from society

Question 5

Activity theory

Answer 5

level of life satisfaction is related to level of activity

Question 6

Continuity theory

Answer 6

Elderly persons continue to adapt and continue their interaction patterns

Question 7

Social construction theory

Answer 7

self-concepts arise through interaction with the environment

Question 8

feminist theories

Answer 8

gender is an important organizing factor in the aging exerience

Question 9

Social exchange theory

Answer 9

resource exchanges in interpersonal interaction change with age

Question 10

Life course perspective/life course capital perspective

Answer 10

Aging is a dynamic, lifelong process characterized by many transitions. People accumulate human capital during the life course to address their needs.

Question 11

Age stratification perspective

Answer 11

society is stratified by age, which determines peoples roles and rights

Question 12

Productive aging theory

Answer 12

A new generation of older adults is more physically active, mobile, healthy and economically secure

Question 13

Programmed aging theories

Answer 13

aging follows a biological timetable

Question 14

3 subcategories of programmed aging theory

Answer 14

1. programmed longevity theory - aging because of gene activity
2. endocrine theory - aging through hormones
3. immunological theory - immune system programmed to decline over time

Question 15

Damage/Error theories of aging

Answer 15

emphasize the role of environmental assaults that cause cumulative damage to various biological system

Question 16

Developmental biocultural co-constructivism

Answer 16

brain and culture are in a continuous, interdependent, co-productive, transaction and reciproal determination

Question 17

mortality rate

Answer 17

the frequency at which death occurs within a population

Question 18

morbidity

Answer 18

the incidence of disease, has increased as mortality has decreased

Question 19

dementia

Answer 19

brain disease in which memory and cognitive abilities deteriorate over time

Question 20

Alzheimer;s disease

Answer 20

the most common type of dementia 70% of all cases.

Question 21

Parkinson’s disease

Answer 21

chronic and progressive movement disorder caused by a gradual loss of cells that produce dopamine

Question 22

ego integrity versus ego despair ERIKSON

Answer 22

the ability to make peace with one’s one and only life cycle and to find unity with the world

Question 23

Guardianship

Answer 23

taking on the task of passing on the traditions of the past to the next generation, concern for the culture as a whole.

Question 24

fluid intelligence

Answer 24

the capacity for abstract reasoning: to respond quickly, to memorize quickly, to compute quickly and to draw rapid inference from visual

Question 25

crystallized intelligence

Answer 25

accumulated learning: to reflect and recognize rather than recall and remember

Question 26

Stages of memory

Answer 26

1. sensory memory - lost within a second
2. primary memory - recent/recall memory, limited capacity
3. working memory - active reorg and manipulate info that is still in primary memory
4. secondary memory - permanently stored, ability to recall declines with age, but recognition doesn’t
5. tertiary memory - memory stored for extended periods remote memory, little age related change

Question 27

intentional memory

Answer 27

events you plan to remember, does not decline as you age

Question 28

incidental meory

Answer 28

facts you have learned without the intention to retain and recall, declines with old age

Question 29

depression

Answer 29

the most common mental health problem in older adults

Question 30

delirium

Answer 30

an impairment of consciousness: consciousness, drowsiness, disorientation to time and place, inability to remember events, problems concentrating, incoherent thinking and speech

Question 31

substance abuse

Answer 31

growing number of older adults are misusing and abusing alcohol and psychoactive rx meds

Question 32

life review

Answer 32

a developmental task of late adulthood, process of evaluating and making sense of one’s life

Question 33

reminiscense

Answer 33

tell their stories to anyone who is willing to listen. combines the past, present and future orientation

Question 34

informal resources for meeting he needs of elderly person

Answer 34

the family, friends and neighbors, religious and community groups

Question 35

formal resources for meeting the needs of elderly persons

Answer 35

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) of the SSI, Hospital Insurance Trust Fund (Medicare part A), Supplemental medical insurance medicare part B, disability insurance, adult day care, senior centers, home health care, hospice, senior housing, adult homes, senior facilities, nutrition programs, transportation services, power of attorney

Question 36

Power of Attorney

Answer 36

a legal arrangement by which a person appoints another individual to manage his or her financial and legal affairs