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Philosophy > Life after Death > Flashcards

Life after Death Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Christian belief about death?

A

It is the end of physical life but the soul lives on in eternal life.

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2
Q

What is heaven?

A

A place that Christians believe they can be at one with God, a place of everlasting peace and happiness. It is a reward for living a worthy life and following Jesus’ teachings.

“There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain” - Revelation 21:4

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3
Q

How have beliefs about hell changed over time?

A

In the past, the focus was on it being a place of eternal torture for non-believers/sinners. In Medieval times, it was used to scare people into complying with the church. The historic notion of it being a place of fire, brimstone and torture has now been replaced with the idea that Hell is a “state of loss”, where there is an absence of God.

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4
Q

What is purgatory?

A

A Roman Catholic concept, a place of transition where those not ready for heaven can be cleansed of their sins. It is believed praying for a person will help them pass through purgatory.

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5
Q

What is the Christian concept of resurrection?

A

The belief that on the last day, the dead will be raised. Jesus’ death and resurrection means God is forgiving and saves those who have been born again. His resurrection brings Christians hope of eternal life.

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6
Q

What four things can be believed to happen after death?

A
  1. Reincarnation - Hindus, Buddhists, Celtic pagans
  2. Reward/punishment - Christianity, Islam and Judaism
  3. The spirit lives on (as a ghost) - Mediums
  4. Nothing - Athiest
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7
Q

What is a soul?

A

Dictionary definition: The spirit or non-physical, innermost part of a person

  • The essence of a human being, possibly the remnants of a divine reality.
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8
Q

Outline Plato’s beliefs about the soul

A

He thought the soul was an essence of a person and was split into three different parts

  1. The logos - the mind, used in decision making
  2. The thymos - the emotional drive
  3. The pathos - physical drives

He believed that the logos controls both the physical and emotional drives.

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9
Q

Revelation 4:6-7?

A

“In the centre, around the throne were four living creatures…the first a lion, the second like an ox, the third had a face like a man, the fourth an eagle”

  • all animals are equally as precious
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10
Q

What is the Genesis 2:7 reference about God’s “breath of life” often interpreted as?

A

This is often claimed to be God giving Adam a soul.

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11
Q

List a few Christian beliefs about the soul

A
  • We have a soul, which makes us different from other creatures
  • Our soul is what makes our lives so sacred
  • Some believe that our soul is a part of God, which lives and works within us (as our conscience)
  • Most believe the physical body and soul are separate entities
  • The soul is pure and eternal
  • Whereas a human body aims to satisfy its own desires and pleasures, the soul is more focused on pleasing God “In my inner being, I want to do good”
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12
Q

What Christian teaching implies that a human’s physical body and soul are separate?

A

“You, yourselves, are God’s temple and God’s spirit lives within you” - Corinthians 3:16

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13
Q

What Christian teaching claims the body will be destroyed at death, but the spirit of a person will live on?

A

“The body that is sown is perishable…it is raised a spiritual body”

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14
Q

What is redemption?

A

Redemption is the idea that sins can be forgiven through God and that people may be redeemed if they are remorseful.

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15
Q

Who is often referred to as ‘the redeemer’ and why?

A

Jesus because he died for the sins of the whole world.

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16
Q

What is salvation?

A

Salvation is the passage to heaven, accesible by following Jesus’ teachings and living a Christian lifestyle.

17
Q

What Bible teaching suggests following Jesus is the only way to heaven?

A

“I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the father except through me” - John 14:6

18
Q

What is the name given to Jesus’ elevation up to heaven after his resurrection?

A

The ascension

19
Q

Outline God’s plan of salvation

A
  1. God created the perfect Eden, with Adam and Eve who were perfect human beings but with free will
  2. Adam and Even eat the forbidden fruit (original sin) causing the relationship between God and humans to suffer. Punishment = death, pain in labour and difficulty in work
  3. God guides humans - moses & 10 commandments. Humans ignore and worship idols instead.
  4. God sends prophets, who are killed by humans.
  5. God comes to Earth in the form of JC - he is killed and resurrected, paying the price of all sins commited by humanity. Ascension.
  6. Through Jesus’ sacrifice, all humans can go to heaven.
20
Q

What is a ‘rite’?

A

A religious or other solemn ceremony or act, usually ‘rites of passage’ eg. baptism, holy communion

21
Q

Why are funerals held?

A
  • To show respect for the dead
  • So friends and family can grieve
  • As a celebration of the person’s life
  • To pray for the dead (and assist them through ourgatory)
  • To give some closure to those who are left behind
22
Q

What might a minister do for someone on their deathbed?

A

They might prepare the person for death and by saying prayers of preparation and reconcilliation.

23
Q

Why didn’t churches agree with funerals taking place in crematoriums historically?

A

It was believed there would be a bodily resurrection at the end of time and burning the body would prevent this

24
Q

What passage is used to open most funerals and why?

A

“I am the resurrection and the life. Those who believe in me, even though they die, will live again”

  • to give hope to the bereaved
  • critics might say to manipulate the bereaved and maintain their faith
25
Q

What symbols are used at Christian funerals?

A

Flowers: represent new life and the beauty of creation, a reminder that God has promised a beautiful new life after death.

Candles: to remind people that Jesus is the light og the world and because of him, people can go to heaven.

26
Q

List the 6 main things that usually happen at a funeral service

A
  1. Readings and sermons (passages from the Bible)
  2. Personal readings eg. a eulogy
  3. Prayers (pentiness and readiness for death)
  4. Hymns
  5. Reflection (usually a minute of silence)
  6. Commendation and farewell “let us commend ……. to the mercy of God, our maker and redeemer”
  7. The committal - when the coffin is lowered into the grave/curtains are closed around the coffin for it to be burnt.
27
Q

What words are usually spoken at the committal? What is this a reminder of?

A

“We therefore commit this body to the ground; earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust; in the sure and certain hope of resurrection to eternal life”

Everything in the Universe is interdependent and of God’s creation.

28
Q

Why are hymns sung at a funeral?

A

To lift spirits and further remind attendees of resurrection, it also provides a sense of unity.

29
Q

How might a Roman Catholic funeral be different to a normal Christian funeral?

A

It can be with or without mass. A Eucharist called a Requiem Mass often takes place so that prayers can be said for the deceased’s soul - there is often an opening song and prayer.

(A Eucharist is the Christian practice of commemorating the Last Supper)

30
Q

What did Tony Blair say in a 2006 interview with Michael Parkinson with regards to ‘judgement’?

A

That his decision to invade Iraq was underpinned in his Christian faith and the ultimate judge of his actions would be God.

31
Q

Give some bible teachings about God and judgement

A
  • “The Lord is a God of justice” - Isaiah
  • “The righteous will be glad when they are avenged, when they bathe their feet in the blood of the wicked” - Psalm
  • “Vengeance is mine, I will repay” - Romans
  • “Let the fear of the Lord be upon you” - Chronicles
  • “They were judged, every one of them according to their deeds” - Revelation
32
Q

What does the Parable of the Sheep and the Goats say with regards to acts of compassion and God’s judgement?

A

“I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in…”

An act of compassion towards your fellow human is showing your love for God. Those who “gave me nothing to eat” will be sentenced to hell as they ignored the summering of their fellow human beings, and therefore God also.

33
Q

What is an epitaph?

A

An epitach gives honour to someone who has died and is usually enscribed on their gravestone

Philosophy (4 decks)

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