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RE GCSE paper 2 - life after death and sin and forgiveness > Life after death > Flashcards

Life after death Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the 2nd Vatican council?

A
  • The second Vatican council was an ecumenical council of the Catholic Church
  • Bishops from all around the world came together to discuss how Catholicism could meet the challenges of the modern church
  • It began from 1962 - 1965 and was started by Pope John XXIII and finished by Pope Paul V
  • It was a meeting on how they can modernise the church, linking to society, technology and politics after the second world war
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2
Q

Name all 4 key documents included in the Second Vatican Council

A
  • gaudium et spes - word of God
  • Sacrosantum concilium - sacred council
  • dei Verbum - joys and hopes
  • lumen Gentium - light of the people
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3
Q

What was the Gaudium et Spes?

A
  • about Catholic social teaching
  • it encouraged people of the faith to become included in the modern world
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4
Q

What was Sacrosantum Concilium?

A
  • the document that covers the change to the churches public worship
  • it changed the accessibility of the worship to the public
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5
Q

What was the Dei Verbum?

A
  • it was a document to set out how important the bible is
  • the bible is a central focus for Catholics in their prayers and studies
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6
Q

What was Lumen Gentium?

A
  • a document that encourages Catholics to take an active role in the mission of the church and to serve Jesus
  • it supports evangelisation through service of others and their actions
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7
Q

Describe the differences of before and after the Vatican council

A
  • before the mass was said in Latin, now the mass is said in the local language so that others can understand
  • before, the priest congregation faced the altar, this was to link the eucharist and Jesus’ sacrifice, but now the altar has turned around so that now the priest faces the people
  • before the priest led everything, but now people from parishes or in the church take part in reading scriptures and the gospel etc.
  • before, the bible reading did not play a big part in the lives of many Catholics, but now Catholics are encouraged to read the scriptures
  • before, Catholics encouraged to see themselves as different from other Christians and could not mix, now Catholics are encouraged to unite with other Christians
  • before, they were closed off to other regions and cautious of the world’s views, but now Catholics are open to dialogue with other faiths especially Judaism
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8
Q

What is the Magisterium?

A

The Pope and Bishops interpretation of the Bible and tradition for Catholics today

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9
Q

What are the two sections the Magisterium can be split into?

A
  • original Magisterium
  • extra - ordinary Magisterium
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10
Q

What is the ordinary Magisterium?

A
  • this is the every day teachings of the Catholic church
  • it updates and responds to modern issues such as: abortion, euthanasia, nuclear warfare and global warming
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11
Q

What did St John Paul II say about euthanasia?

A

Taught in ‘evangelium vitae’ that euthanasia is unacceptable

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12
Q

What did Pope Francis say about the earth?

A

Taught in ‘Laudato si’ that the earth is our home and must be cared for

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13
Q

What are the two types of Magisterium in the Extra- Ordinary Magisterium?

A
  • pontifical Magisterium
  • conciliar Magisterium
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14
Q

What is pontifical Magisterium?

A
  • pontif = Pope
  • the pope speaks infallibly (without error)
  • the pope provides guidance and clear on a key idea
    e.g. Mary is the immaculate conception
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15
Q

What is conciliar Magisterium?

A
  • conciliar = council (large meeting)
  • church leaders from all over the world gather together to discuss changes to the church
    e.g. Vatican II
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16
Q

” throw open the windows of the church and let the fresh air of the spirit blow through” - Pope John XXIII

A

” throw open the windows of the church and let the fresh air of the spirit blow through” - Pope John XXIII

17
Q

What is the sarcophagus?

A

A stone coffin, which wealthy people usually adorned with scenes from mythology and Roman gods
The first Christians adapted this and developed the images to portray their belief in the eternal life

18
Q

What are the features of the sarcophagus?

A
  • one panel shows Simon of Cyrene helping Jesus carry the cross to the crucifixion
  • another shows Jesus being given his crown of thorns before his crucifixion (the crown was given to mock him, however the crown pictured is filled with jewels to show his victory over sin
  • Jesus is not shown on the cross - Christians did not want to show Jesus as dead or suffering
  • Includes the ancient symbol of Chi Rho - the ancient symbol of the resurrection of Jesus (Chi is X, Rho Is P, they are the first and last letters of the title Christ in Greek)
  • shows Jesus being presented to Pilate for trial
  • Pilate is washing his hands of Jesus - doesn’t want to execute him but gave into the pressure of the crown and Jewish authorities
19
Q

What message does the Pio Cristiano Museum reinforce?

A

Images that reinforce the belief that Jesus’ death and resurrection was a sign of hope and triumph over sin

20
Q

When is the Paschal candle used and what does it symbolise?

A
  • can be used in baptism or Easter
  • symbolises Jesus’ conquering death
  • can also be used in Funeral services - it is placed next to the coffin to indicate the hope of the resurrection
21
Q

Why is the Paschal candle lit at the Easter Vigil?

A

To remember the resurrection

22
Q

Describe what happens at the Easter Vigil

A
  • the Easter Vigil starts in complete darkness - outside there is a fire lit
  • the candle is lit from the fire outside then processed into the church
  • the candle is then raised 3 times with the priest chanting ‘The light of christ’ and the congregation responding ‘ thanks be to God’
  • this symbolises that Christ is the light that overcomes the darkness
23
Q

Describe the alpha and omega symbol on the Paschal candle

A

Alpha and omega are the first and last letters of the greek alphabet - it symbolises how Jesus is at the beginning and end of all things

24
Q

Describe the cross symbol on the Paschal candle

A

The symbol of the Christian faith which is linked to the resurrection

25
Q

Describe what the 5 wounds symbolise on the Paschal candle

A

Represent where Jesus was nailed during his crucifixion

26
Q

Why is each year marked on the Paschal candle?

A

it reminds people that Jesus is for all people throughout all of time

27
Q

What is the coffin used for during a religious funeral?

A
  • the coffin is usually brought into the church the night before the funeral
  • the coffin sprinkled with holy water to remind of the person’s baptism
  • coffin is usually placed near the altar, and the priest places the crucifix and gospel on top - they remind the beliefs of the persons dedication to Jesus and the cross reminds the congregation of Jesus’ victory over death
28
Q

What are readings and prayers used for in a religious funeral?

A
  • they are focused on the Christian hope of eternal life
  • after the liturgy of the words comes the homilies
  • the priest explores the word off God - includes a tribute to the dead person
  • the priest focuses on the belief of eternal life for those who trust in God
29
Q

What happens as the burial of a religious funeral?

A

The funeral end with either a burial or cremation
- for both, there are prayers for the committal are said
- relatives and friends throw handfuls of earth on the grave, showing they are laying their love one to rest
- after there is usually a reception to celebrate the dead person

30
Q

What happens during prayer?

A

Prayer is the raising the mind and heart to God
It is a time where you are totally focused on God
Catholics believe it is a time to communicate with God

31
Q

What are the two ways of worship for Catholics?

A

Public worship
Private worship

32
Q

What is public worship?

A

Prayer as a community, liturgical worship such as mass

33
Q

What is private worship?

A

Prayer by themselves

34
Q

Describe the different types of prayer

A
  • asking for forgiveness so that we can reconcile and say sorry to God for our sins
  • giving thanks to God
  • adoration - praising God for who and what he has done
  • supplication - praying for their own needs and other people
35
Q

What does Mother Teresa say about prayer?

A
  • prayer is not asking
  • prayer is putting oneself in the hands of God, at his disposition, and listening to his voice in the depth of our hearts
36
Q

Why do Catholics pray for the dead?

A

They ask God to welcome the dead into eternal life in heaven
‘Eternal rest, grant onto them O lord and let perpetual light shine upon them, may they rest in peace amen’

37
Q

What are hymns?

A

Religious songs that are specifically written for events within the church
e.g. Ave Maria - which addresses the Virgin Mary

38
Q

What are the parts that Catholics are encouraged to sing in the mass?

A
  • Kyrie (lord have mercy)
  • Gloria (Glory be to God on high)
  • Credo (Nicene Creed)
  • Sanctus (Holy, Holy, Holy)
  • Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)
39
Q

What is the Faure’ Requiem?

A

The requiem mass is a version of mass which is said during a Catholic funeral
- mass during a funeral attempt to convey the belief about eternal life
- Gabriel Fauré attempted to show that you can be sad about the loss of your loved one whilst hoping they are with God

RE GCSE paper 2 - life after death and sin and forgiveness (2 decks)

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