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British Hist > Liberal Govt 1905-16 > Flashcards

Liberal Govt 1905-16 Flashcards

1
Q

Why was Women’s suffrage becoming more prominent?

A

Liberal govt, after 20 years of tories, govt were ignoring the issue

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2
Q

What were the 2 suffrage groups?

A

NUWSS - Suffragists (peaceful), WSPU - Suffragettes (militant)

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3
Q

How did Lloyd-George help the WSPU?

A

When he was minister of munitions, he funded them so they could demonstrate for women joining the work force

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4
Q

What were women calling for?

A

Conscription of men, industrial conscription for women and abolition of trade unions

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5
Q

What did men wearing civilian clothes get?

A

A white feather from women (for cowardice)

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6
Q

Which womens group didn’t condoned war?

A

ELFS - Slyvia Pankhurst as they were socialist, condoned sedition

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7
Q

What did the ELFS campaign for?

A

In war: civil liberties, control of food prices and profits, nationalisation of food supply and against rising food prices. In general: better rates of pay in charities, better pay and conditions in munitions factories, equal pay

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8
Q

What did the ELFS succeed in?

A

Got wives and relatives of soldiers more allowance

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9
Q

What did ELFS set up?

A

Factories and centres giving mothers milk, nurses to help them on health of their babies and restaurants offering food at 2d

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10
Q

What caused division in NUWSS?

A

War - Milicent Fawcett was for war, but against white feather, conscription and anti-German sentiment, she felt it was unwise to involve suffrage movement with controversy of pacifism

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11
Q

What did the NUWSS refuse to recognise?

A

An international peace conference for women held at the Hague - all national officers bar Milicent Fawcett and treasurer resigned

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12
Q

What was female unemployment like in 1914?

A

14%, dress trade collapsed as women bought less luxury, shortage of cotton due to no german trade, less fishing due to north sea closing

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13
Q

When was the Cat and Mouse act introduced?

A

1913

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14
Q

What was Women’s relations with trade unions and why?

A

5/6 women stayed out of unions in war time - women unpopular in labour intensive jobs

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15
Q

What did women lose if chose to keep working, and what did they lose in 1921?

A

Unemployment benefit, their wartime jobs

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16
Q

What was the main concern, in regards to suffrage?

A

Male suffrage - 40% of men didn’t have vote in 1914

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17
Q

What political reasons were there for not giving women vote?

A

Suffragettes were unclear with their goals, L-G feared that if gave it to only middle class women then that would boost the conservative vote

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18
Q

Who did the suffragists mainly consist of?

A

The middle classes

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19
Q

How did suffragist membership change from 1906 to 1913?

A

From 6k to 50k

20
Q

What views stopped women getting the vote?

A

Viewed as emotional, lack political judgement and relevant professional experience - they lived in different spheres

21
Q

Which key figures were anti-suffrage?

A

Queen Victoria, King Edward VII and H.H. Asquith

22
Q

What was opposition to war like?

A

Keir Hardie (retired from labour party chair), Ramsay MacDonald and Arthur Henderson resigned over war, 16k conscientious objectors, 1.5k absolutists (refused to do any war work)

23
Q

What were school meals like in 1914?

A

Over 14m meals P/A for 158,000 children

24
Q

How much were pensions costing the govt in 1909?

A

650k pensioners - cost £8 million

25
Q

What did the 1909 trade boards act do?

A

Established min wages for 200k workers in box-making, tailoring and lace-making

26
Q

How many workers were covered by health insurance in 1914?

A

13 million

27
Q

What was unemployment like in 1908?

A

7.2% (800K)

28
Q

How many people were signed up to labour exchanges in 1914, and how effective were they?

A

430 exchanges, 2 million people signed to them, found 3k jobs a day, but 3/4 didn’t find jobs

29
Q

Between July 1913 and 1914, how many people claimed unemployment insurance?

A

23%

30
Q

Who did unemployment insurance help the most?

A

2/3 insured by scheme were skilled workers, did little for the very poor

31
Q

What did the trade board, and introduction of a minimum rate do in mining?

A

Ended to evils of endless cutting of wages and trade fluctuations because of this

32
Q

What did an Oct 1913 case study in mining wages find?

A

16-20% of workers earned less than minimum rate

33
Q

How did R.H. Tawney describe the wage of miners?

A

“When measured by any reference to the idea of a living wage, extraordinarily low”

34
Q

How much money was made available for tuberculosis treatment?

A

£1.5 million

35
Q

How many labour exchanges were open in Feb 1910?

A

83

36
Q

What were the failures of the 1906 education act?

A

Not compulsory, by 1911 less than 1/3 of schools used additional rates to provide school meals

37
Q

What did the 1907 education act do?

A

At least 3 medical inspections per year for kids, treatment not free though (until 1912)

38
Q

What did the 1908 children’s act do?

A

Prevented kids working in dangerous conditions, buying cigarettes and going into pubs, established juvenile courts

39
Q

What did the 1906 trades disputes act do?

A

Reversed 1901 Taff Vale decision - trade unions on strike couldn’t be sued

40
Q

What did the 1909 Osborne Judgement mean for the labour party?

A

It didn’t get as much funding as trade unions couldn’t fund the party

41
Q

Why was the Lord’s blocking the 1909 Budget a big deal?

A

Lords traditionally let budget through,blocked it by 350-75 votes

42
Q

What did Carson draw up in September 1912?

A

A ‘Solemn League and Covenant’ - would resist a home rule parliament in Ireland - 470K signatories

43
Q

What was set up in January 1913?

A

The Ulster volunteer force - quickly had 100k members

44
Q

What did Asquith ban in December 1913?

A

The importation of arms and ammunition into Ireland

45
Q

When was the Curragh Mutiny and what happened?

A

March 1914 - Officers whose homes were in Ulster were allowed leave for a few days, rumours army was going to arrest Ulster leaders, in protest, 58 officers and a brigadier general resigned, Seely (secretary for war) forced to resign

46
Q

When did rebels get arms in Ireland and what did the authorities do?

A

Ulster volunteers got arms from shipping in April 1914, authorities did nothing, Irish nationalists in June 1914, authorities intervened - 3 dead and 40 injured, nationalists still had considerable arms

47
Q

How had numbers of students at grant-aided secondary schools changed from 1905 to the outbreak of the war?

A

95K to 200K

British Hist (12 decks)

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