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British Hist > Liberal Govt 1905-16 > Flashcards

Liberal Govt 1905-16 Flashcards

1
Q

Why was Women’s suffrage becoming more prominent?

A

Liberal govt, after 20 years of tories, govt were ignoring the issue

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2
Q

What were the 2 suffrage groups?

A

NUWSS - Suffragists (peaceful), WSPU - Suffragettes (militant)

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3
Q

How did Lloyd-George help the WSPU?

A

When he was minister of munitions, he funded them so they could demonstrate for women joining the work force

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4
Q

What were women calling for?

A

Conscription of men, industrial conscription for women and abolition of trade unions

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5
Q

What did men wearing civilian clothes get?

A

A white feather from women (for cowardice)

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6
Q

Which womens group didn’t condoned war?

A

ELFS - Slyvia Pankhurst as they were socialist, condoned sedition

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7
Q

What did the ELFS campaign for?

A

In war: civil liberties, control of food prices and profits, nationalisation of food supply and against rising food prices. In general: better rates of pay in charities, better pay and conditions in munitions factories, equal pay

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8
Q

What did the ELFS succeed in?

A

Got wives and relatives of soldiers more allowance

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9
Q

What did ELFS set up?

A

Factories and centres giving mothers milk, nurses to help them on health of their babies and restaurants offering food at 2d

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10
Q

What caused division in NUWSS?

A

War - Milicent Fawcett was for war, but against white feather, conscription and anti-German sentiment, she felt it was unwise to involve suffrage movement with controversy of pacifism

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11
Q

What did the NUWSS refuse to recognise?

A

An international peace conference for women held at the Hague - all national officers bar Milicent Fawcett and treasurer resigned

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12
Q

What was female unemployment like in 1914?

A

14%, dress trade collapsed as women bought less luxury, shortage of cotton due to no german trade, less fishing due to north sea closing

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13
Q

When was the Cat and Mouse act introduced?

A

1913

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14
Q

What was Women’s relations with trade unions and why?

A

5/6 women stayed out of unions in war time - women unpopular in labour intensive jobs

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15
Q

What did women lose if chose to keep working, and what did they lose in 1921?

A

Unemployment benefit, their wartime jobs

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16
Q

What was the main concern, in regards to suffrage?

A

Male suffrage - 40% of men didn’t have vote in 1914

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17
Q

What political reasons were there for not giving women vote?

A

Suffragettes were unclear with their goals, L-G feared that if gave it to only middle class women then that would boost the conservative vote

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18
Q

Who did the suffragists mainly consist of?

A

The middle classes

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19
Q

How did suffragist membership change from 1906 to 1913?

A

From 6k to 50k

20
Q

What views stopped women getting the vote?

A

Viewed as emotional, lack political judgement and relevant professional experience - they lived in different spheres

21
Q

Which key figures were anti-suffrage?

A

Queen Victoria, King Edward VII and H.H. Asquith

22
Q

What was opposition to war like?

A

Keir Hardie (retired from labour party chair), Ramsay MacDonald and Arthur Henderson resigned over war, 16k conscientious objectors, 1.5k absolutists (refused to do any war work)

23
Q

What were school meals like in 1914?

A

Over 14m meals P/A for 158,000 children

24
Q

How much were pensions costing the govt in 1909?

A

650k pensioners - cost £8 million

25
What did the 1909 trade boards act do?
Established min wages for 200k workers in box-making, tailoring and lace-making
26
How many workers were covered by health insurance in 1914?
13 million
27
What was unemployment like in 1908?
7.2% (800K)
28
How many people were signed up to labour exchanges in 1914, and how effective were they?
430 exchanges, 2 million people signed to them, found 3k jobs a day, but 3/4 didn't find jobs
29
Between July 1913 and 1914, how many people claimed unemployment insurance?
23%
30
Who did unemployment insurance help the most?
2/3 insured by scheme were skilled workers, did little for the very poor
31
What did the trade board, and introduction of a minimum rate do in mining?
Ended to evils of endless cutting of wages and trade fluctuations because of this
32
What did an Oct 1913 case study in mining wages find?
16-20% of workers earned less than minimum rate
33
How did R.H. Tawney describe the wage of miners?
"When measured by any reference to the idea of a living wage, extraordinarily low"
34
How much money was made available for tuberculosis treatment?
£1.5 million
35
How many labour exchanges were open in Feb 1910?
83
36
What were the failures of the 1906 education act?
Not compulsory, by 1911 less than 1/3 of schools used additional rates to provide school meals
37
What did the 1907 education act do?
At least 3 medical inspections per year for kids, treatment not free though (until 1912)
38
What did the 1908 children's act do?
Prevented kids working in dangerous conditions, buying cigarettes and going into pubs, established juvenile courts
39
What did the 1906 trades disputes act do?
Reversed 1901 Taff Vale decision - trade unions on strike couldn't be sued
40
What did the 1909 Osborne Judgement mean for the labour party?
It didn't get as much funding as trade unions couldn't fund the party
41
Why was the Lord's blocking the 1909 Budget a big deal?
Lords traditionally let budget through,blocked it by 350-75 votes
42
What did Carson draw up in September 1912?
A 'Solemn League and Covenant' - would resist a home rule parliament in Ireland - 470K signatories
43
What was set up in January 1913?
The Ulster volunteer force - quickly had 100k members
44
What did Asquith ban in December 1913?
The importation of arms and ammunition into Ireland
45
When was the Curragh Mutiny and what happened?
March 1914 - Officers whose homes were in Ulster were allowed leave for a few days, rumours army was going to arrest Ulster leaders, in protest, 58 officers and a brigadier general resigned, Seely (secretary for war) forced to resign
46
When did rebels get arms in Ireland and what did the authorities do?
Ulster volunteers got arms from shipping in April 1914, authorities did nothing, Irish nationalists in June 1914, authorities intervened - 3 dead and 40 injured, nationalists still had considerable arms
47
How had numbers of students at grant-aided secondary schools changed from 1905 to the outbreak of the war?
95K to 200K

British Hist (12 decks)

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