Liana Machado Brain Section

Question 1

What terms of orientation describe the top of the head?

Answer 1

Superior, dorsal

Question 2

What terms of orientation describe the front of the head?

Answer 2

Anterior, rostral

Question 2

What terms of orientation describe the bottom of the head?

Answer 2

Inferior, ventral

Question 3

what terms of orientation describe the back of the head?

Answer 3

posterior, caudal

Question 4

Where does the horizontal slice of the brain occur?

Answer 4

through the middle of the head through the eyes.

Question 5

where does a coronal slice of the brain occur?

Answer 5

through the head and it sits like a headband

Question 6

where does a sagittal slice of the brain occur?

Answer 6

through the midline of the brain along the bridge of the nose

Question 7

which orientation term indicates towards the side of the brain?

Answer 7

Lateral

Question 8

which orientation term indicates towards the midline of the brain

Answer 8

medial

Question 9

which orientation term indicated towards the same side of the brain

Answer 9

ipsilateral

Question 10

which orientation term indicates towards the opposite side of the brain

Answer 10

contralateral.

Question 11

what are the four lobes of the brain

Answer 11

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 12

what are the ridges of the brain referred to as

Answer 12

gyri

Question 13

what are the fissures of the brain referred to as

Answer 13

sucli

Question 14

what does the longitudinal fissure separate

Answer 14

the left and right hemisphere

Question 15

what does the lateral sulcus separate

Answer 15

the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal

Question 16

what is the corpus callosum

Answer 16

the main fibre tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 17

what is the cerebellum

Answer 17

large structures attached to the dorsal aspect of the brain stem

Question 18

what are examples of subcortical structures?

Answer 18

the thalamus and basal ganglia

Question 19

what are the three structures in the basal ganglia

Answer 19

1. caudate nucleus
2. putamen
3. globus pallidus

Question 20

what are the three brain stem structures

Answer 20

1. midbrain
2. pons
3. medulla

Question 21

what is white matter comprised of

Answer 21

axons; myelin

Question 22

what is grey matter comprised of

Answer 22

cell bodies

Question 23

what % of neurons make up the brain

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

what % of the brain accounts for glial cells

Answer 24

90%

Question 25

what is the role of glial cells

Answer 25

to help support, connect, and protect neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Question 26

what are the different structures of a neuron

Answer 26

dendrites soma (cell body) nucleus axon axon terminals

Question 27

what is a synapse

Answer 27

this is where the axon terminal of one neruon contacts another neuron in order to transmit information.

Question 28

what are the two sides of a synapse

Answer 28

the presynaptic and postsynaptic

Question 29

what does presynaptic mean

Answer 29

this is before the information waiting in the axon terminals before they synapse.

Question 30

what does postsynaptic mean

Answer 30

this occurs after synapses occur

Question 31

what are the three main glial cells in the CNS

Answer 31

1. Astrocytes 2. oligodendrocytes 3. microglia

Question 32

what do astrocytes do

Answer 32

they form a barrier between neuronal tissue and blood called the blood brain barrier

Question 33

what does the blood brain barrier protect

Answer 33

it protects the CNS from some molecules in the bloodstream.

Question 34

what are oligodendrocytes

Answer 34

these myelinate axons.

Question 35

what do microglia do

Answer 35

they remove and devour debris left by dead or degenerating brain cells

Question 36

What is synaptic transmission

Answer 36

neuronal communications

Question 37

what is an action potential

Answer 37

this is a rapid change in the voltage of the cells membrane

Question 38

what is a cells receptive field

Answer 38

a limited region of space that cells can respond to stimuli.

Question 39

which type of testing enables us to see how many neurons participate in the representation of a single visual image

Answer 39

fMRI - it allows simultaneous detection of the entire neuronal population that responds to each stimulus.