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PSYC211 LM Study > Liana Machado Brain Section > Flashcards

Liana Machado Brain Section Flashcards

1
Q

What terms of orientation describe the top of the head?

A

Superior, dorsal

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2
Q

What terms of orientation describe the front of the head?

A

Anterior, rostral

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2
Q

What terms of orientation describe the bottom of the head?

A

Inferior, ventral

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3
Q

what terms of orientation describe the back of the head?

A

posterior, caudal

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4
Q

Where does the horizontal slice of the brain occur?

A

through the middle of the head through the eyes.

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5
Q

where does a coronal slice of the brain occur?

A

through the head and it sits like a headband

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6
Q

where does a sagittal slice of the brain occur?

A

through the midline of the brain along the bridge of the nose

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7
Q

which orientation term indicates towards the side of the brain?

A

Lateral

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8
Q

which orientation term indicates towards the midline of the brain

A

medial

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9
Q

which orientation term indicated towards the same side of the brain

A

ipsilateral

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10
Q

which orientation term indicates towards the opposite side of the brain

A

contralateral.

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11
Q

what are the four lobes of the brain

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

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12
Q

what are the ridges of the brain referred to as

A

gyri

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13
Q

what are the fissures of the brain referred to as

A

sucli

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14
Q

what does the longitudinal fissure separate

A

the left and right hemisphere

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15
Q

what does the lateral sulcus separate

A

the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal

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16
Q

what is the corpus callosum

A

the main fibre tract connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

17
Q

what is the cerebellum

A

large structures attached to the dorsal aspect of the brain stem

18
Q

what are examples of subcortical structures?

A

the thalamus and basal ganglia

19
Q

what are the three structures in the basal ganglia

A
  1. caudate nucleus
  2. putamen
  3. globus pallidus
20
Q

what are the three brain stem structures

A
  1. midbrain
  2. pons
  3. medulla
21
Q

what is white matter comprised of

A

axons; myelin

22
Q

what is grey matter comprised of

A

cell bodies

23
Q

what % of neurons make up the brain

A

10%

24
Q

what % of the brain accounts for glial cells

A

90%

25
Q

what is the role of glial cells

A

to help support, connect, and protect neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

26
Q

what are the different structures of a neuron

A

dendrites
soma (cell body)
nucleus
axon
axon terminals

27
Q

what is a synapse

A

this is where the axon terminal of one neruon contacts another neuron in order to transmit information.

28
Q

what are the two sides of a synapse

A

the presynaptic and postsynaptic

29
Q

what does presynaptic mean

A

this is before the information waiting in the axon terminals before they synapse.

30
Q

what does postsynaptic mean

A

this occurs after synapses occur

31
Q

what are the three main glial cells in the CNS

A
  1. Astrocytes
  2. oligodendrocytes
  3. microglia
32
Q

what do astrocytes do

A

they form a barrier between neuronal tissue and blood called the blood brain barrier

33
Q

what does the blood brain barrier protect

A

it protects the CNS from some molecules in the bloodstream.

34
Q

what are oligodendrocytes

A

these myelinate axons.

35
Q

what do microglia do

A

they remove and devour debris left by dead or degenerating brain cells

36
Q

What is synaptic transmission

A

neuronal communications

37
Q

what is an action potential

A

this is a rapid change in the voltage of the cells membrane

38
Q

what is a cells receptive field

A

a limited region of space that cells can respond to stimuli.

39
Q

which type of testing enables us to see how many neurons participate in the representation of a single visual image

A

fMRI - it allows simultaneous detection of the entire neuronal population that responds to each stimulus.

PSYC211 LM Study (4 decks)

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