LG 3.2 Physiology of Connective Tissue Flashcards
3 general components of connective tissue
Cells, protein fibers, ground substance
list some connective tissue cell types
Osteoblast, fibroblast, adiopocyte, chondroblast, chorndrocyte, osteoclast, blood cells, etc.
list types of connective tissue protein fibers
collagen fibers, elastic fibers
list components of ground substance
water, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins.
areorlar Loose connective tissue
Abundant viscous ground substance—fewer cells—fewer fibers. dermis, surrounds organs, nerves, blood vessels
Reticular Loose connective tissue
Viscous ground substance, scattered reticular fibers and fibroblasts and leukocytes. location: spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow
adipose Loose connective tissue
adipocytes make up subcutaneous layer and cover/surround some organs
what kind of fibers in Elastic cartilage matrix?
elastic fibers
• Affords the most flexibility when compared to other types
• Oriented in all directions
elastic cartilage staining
o Matrix stains dark blue/purple, lacunae unstained
elastic cartilage location
outer ear, larynx, Eustachian tubes
Hyaline cartilage prevalence? type of collagen fibers?
o Most prevalent cartilage in body. contains mostly type II collagen fibers
Hyaline cartilage location
costal cartilages, articular cartilages, epiphyseal plates, & majority of fetal skeleton that is later replaced by bone.
what’s articular cartilage?
- hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones. Lacks perichondrium.
- super slippery to decrease bone and joint friction/wear
- when worn thin, holes develop → exposes underlying bone → causes pain.
- Early stages of this called chondromalacia.
- Later stages called arthritis
how strong is fibrocartilage? what kind of collagen fibers?
o Strongest, most rigid cartilage
o Contains most collagen fibers. Lacks perichondrium.
• More Type I (stronger than II)
fibrocartilage location
intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis connects tendons and ligaments to bones, and appears in other high-stress areas
how common is Marfan’s syndrome? what tissue does it effect?
o One of the most common connective tissue disease
o Affects heart (AORTA), blood vessels, lungs, eyes, bones, ligaments
Fibrillin 1
- A glycoprotein that forms micorofibrils that make up connective tissue.
- Found in aorta, eye, bones, lungs
- Does not work properly in Marfan’s
what’s TGF-beta?
- Has deleterious effects on vascular smooth muscle development
- Excessive TGF-beta in lungs, heart valves, aorta is caused by mutated fibrillin
- Causes aorta to weaken and stretch → could rupture
genetic classification of Marfan’s Syndrome
Autosomal dominant
Review the process of hematopoiesis
see typed objectives
Use the histology site (Histology-World) to test your knowledge of bone and cartilage histological classifications.
Have at it!
dense regular connective tissue
o More collagen fibers—less ground substance—fewer cells. fibroblasts. makes up ligaments and tendons
dense irregular connective tissue
o More collagen fibers—less ground substance—fewer cells. fibroblasts. location: most of dermis, perichondrium covering, organ capsule
Elastic connective tissue
o More fibers (elastic)—less ground substance—fewer cells. location: walls of elastic arteries, vocal cords, suspensory ligament of pens.
