Lexicology

Question 1

Parts of Speech

Answer 1

Nouns
Pronoun
Verbs
Auxiliaries
Adverbs
Adjectives
Interjections
Prepositions
Conjunctions
Determiners

Question 2

Nouns

Answer 2

• Person, place or thing

Concrete
Abstract
Proper
Common

Question 3

Concrete noun

Answer 3

Real, physical things, person

Question 4

Abstract noun

Answer 4

Things you can’t touch
- emotions

Question 5

Proper nouns

Answer 5

Names, must be capitalised

Question 6

Common nouns

Answer 6

Refers to things generically
Can be modified by adj or det

Question 7

Pronoun

Answer 7

• Replace nouns or noun phrases
  Subject
  Object
  Reflexive
  Possessive
  Interrogative
  Relative
  Demonstrative

Question 8

Subject pronoun

Answer 8

Replaces noun that is the subject in the position
I submitted the assignment
-They- couldn’t believe their ears

Question 9

Object pronoun

Answer 9

Replaces noun that is the object in the position
The teacher asked you a question
Maeve liked it

Question 10

Reflexive pronoun

Answer 10

About oneself

…self, …selves

Question 11

Possessive pronoun

Answer 11

Ownership

His, her, mine

Question 12

Interrogative pronoun

Answer 12

Introduce a question
Who, which, whose, what, whom

Question 13

Relative pronoun

Answer 13

Helps introduce a relative clause within a larger sentence
Which, what, who, who, whom, whose, that

Question 14

Demonstrative

Answer 14

Refers to a particular place, person or thing
Replace entire noun it represents

Question 15

Tenses - verbs

Answer 15

Tells us when the verb is happening

Question 15

Verbs

Answer 15

Tenses
Infinitives
Participles

Question 16

Infinitives - verbs

Answer 16

Form of a verb that can be used as a noun or adverb
Usually adds “to” infront

Question 17

Participles - verbs

Answer 17

Forms of verbs which can be used as adjectives

Question 18

Auxiliaries

Answer 18

Is a helping verb, one that supports the main verb of the sentence

Primary
Modals

Question 19

Modals - auxiliaries

Answer 19

Express the ability, possibility, obligation or permission of an action occurring
APOP

Question 20

Primary - auxilaries

Answer 20

Usually used to construct grammatical tenses that could not otherwise be conveyed by inflectional morphemes

Question 21

Adverbs

Answer 21

Describe, modify, qualify entire sentences or parts of speech

Time, place, manner
Cause and effect
Degree
Certainty
Frequency
Comment

Question 22

Time, place, manner - adverbs

Answer 22

When, where, how an action occurs
After, outside, quickly

Question 23

Cause and effect - adverbs

Answer 23

Provides a reason or impact for action
Consequently

Question 24

Degree - adverbs

Answer 24

Provides information about strength and intensity Slightly, totally

Question 25

Frequency - adverbs

Answer 25

How often Weekly, occasionally

Question 25

Certainty - adverbs

Answer 25

Levels of confidence Maybe, likely, definitely

Question 26

Comment - adverbs

Answer 26

Provides opinion or statement Apparently, simply

Question 27

Adjectives

Answer 27

Describing words Qualities, size, judgements, comparison Located before nouns or just after verbs -er or -est suffixes indicting comparison or superlative

Question 28

Interjections

Answer 28

Little words that express big words or emotion Can be a sentence on its own or in phrases Oh no Wow really Hi

Question 29

Prepositions

Answer 29

Explains the relationship between a noun and other element sentences like words or phrases Show where something is in space and time With, at, from, during, on, after

Question 30

Conjunctions

Answer 30

They link words, phrases, clauses and sentences together

Question 31

Coordinating Conjunctions

Answer 31

To separate 2 parts of the sentence, both are equal in importance F - for A - and N - nor B - but O - or Y - yet S - so

Question 32

Subordinating Conjunctions

Answer 32

One part of the sentence is more important than the other I went out ~because~ i was bored I took an umbrella ~because~ it was raining After, before, than, although, until, as, while ect

Question 33

Conjunctive Adverbs - Conjunctions

Answer 33

Join two clauses or sentences in a way that demonstrates equality The work is due on Thursday; ~furthermore~, it must be on your own

Question 34

Determiners

Answer 34

Word that is placed in front of a noun and helps to clarify the noun, specify quantity or indicate possession A, the, then

Question 35

Determiners - Articles

Answer 35

the specificity of definiteness of a noun The, A , An

Question 36

Determiners - Quantifiers

Answer 36

Quantity All, A lot, Many, One, none

Question 37

Determiners - Demonstratives

Answer 37

Indicates specific nouns This, that, these, those

Question 38

Determiners - Possessives

Answer 38

Used before a noun to express ownership My, your, her, its, our, their

Question 39

Lexical Change

Answer 39

Borrowing Commonisation Nominalisation Neologism

Question 40

Borrowing

Answer 40

Taking words from other languages, often take words for food or things we like Spelling can change

Question 41

Commonisation

Answer 41

Proper noun becomes the common noun Using the brand name for the item itself ~Esky

Question 42

Nominalisation

Answer 42

We take a verbs, adverbs and / or adjectives and turn it into noun by putting an affix on it Adds complexity to sentences Running - i had a good run The water was purified for drinking becomes The purification of water made it more suitable for drinking

Question 43

Neologism

Answer 43

Words we use to describe new words Neo - new, logos - word