Lexical Change (how words enter our language)

Question 1

Neologisms/coinage

Answer 1

New words entirely

Question 2

Example of a neologisms/coinage

Answer 2

Blurb

Question 3

Borrowings

Answer 3

Words from other languages

Question 4

Example of a borrowing

Answer 4

Bungalow - Hindi

Question 5

Conversions

Answer 5

Change in word class ( without affixations - spelling changes)

Question 6

Example of a conversion

Answer 6

“to BOTTLE out” (change of noun to verb)

Question 7

What are affixations

Answer 7

Where new prefixes or suffixes are added to existing words

Question 8

What is the difference between a prefix and a suffix

Answer 8

Prefix - becomes before the word e.g UNhappy

Suffix - comes after the word e.g joyFUL

Question 9

What are borrowings also known as

Answer 9

Loan words

Question 10

What are common topics for borrowings

Answer 10

Food or objects not originally found within the UK e.g spaghetti

Question 11

Compounds

Answer 11

Two separate words formed together

Question 12

Example of a compound

Answer 12

flowerpot

windmill

Question 13

Blends

Answer 13

(similar to compounds)

Only two words are merged together

Question 14

Example of a blend

Answer 14

Brunch - breakfast +lunch

Question 15

What are the different types of shortening words?

Answer 15

Clipping
Initialisms
Acronyms
Back formations

Question 16

Clippings

Answer 16

Words of more than one syllable are shortened

Question 17

Example of a clipping

Answer 17

Demo - demonstration

Question 18

Acronyms

Answer 18

Use of initial letters in a phrase to create a new word

Question 19

Acronyms

Answer 19

Use of initial letters in a phrase to create a new word

Question 20

Example of an acronym

Answer 20

YOLO - you only live once

Question 21

Initialisms

Answer 21

(similar to acronyms)

only you pronounce each letter in turn rather than creating a new word

Question 22

Example of an initialism

Answer 22

FYI - for your information

Question 23

Back formations

Answer 23

Where the suffix has been removed from the original word

Question 24

Example of a back formation

Answer 24

television (noun) gave the word televise (verb)

Question 25

Derivation

Answer 25

Where affixes are added to existing words

Question 26

Example of a derivation

Answer 26

UNhappy | joyFUL

Question 27

Words from names

Answer 27

Where a word has been created from the person's name who invented it

Question 28

Example of a word from name

Answer 28

"Sandwich" from Earl of Sandwich as he placed food between slices of bread so he could eat and multitask.

Question 29

Can we also lose words from our language?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What are words which have become obsolete known as?

Answer 30

Archaisms

Question 31

What are good examples of archaisms?

Answer 31

Words from Shakespeare's plays | e.g. "enow" = enough

Question 32

External Language Change

Answer 32

Changes from outside influences | e.g. through immigration, invasions and media

Question 33

Internal Language Change

Answer 33

Changes due to need of simplification and ease of articulation