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English - Language Change > Lexical Change (how words enter our language) > Flashcards

Lexical Change (how words enter our language) Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Neologisms/coinage

A

New words entirely

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2
Q

Example of a neologisms/coinage

A

Blurb

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3
Q

Borrowings

A

Words from other languages

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4
Q

Example of a borrowing

A

Bungalow - Hindi

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5
Q

Conversions

A

Change in word class ( without affixations - spelling changes)

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6
Q

Example of a conversion

A

“to BOTTLE out” (change of noun to verb)

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7
Q

What are affixations

A

Where new prefixes or suffixes are added to existing words

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8
Q

What is the difference between a prefix and a suffix

A

Prefix - becomes before the word e.g UNhappy

Suffix - comes after the word e.g joyFUL

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9
Q

What are borrowings also known as

A

Loan words

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10
Q

What are common topics for borrowings

A

Food or objects not originally found within the UK e.g spaghetti

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11
Q

Compounds

A

Two separate words formed together

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12
Q

Example of a compound

A

flowerpot

windmill

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13
Q

Blends

A

(similar to compounds)

Only two words are merged together

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14
Q

Example of a blend

A

Brunch - breakfast +lunch

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15
Q

What are the different types of shortening words?

A

Clipping
Initialisms
Acronyms
Back formations

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16
Q

Clippings

A

Words of more than one syllable are shortened

17
Q

Example of a clipping

A

Demo - demonstration

18
Q

Acronyms

A

Use of initial letters in a phrase to create a new word

19
Q

Acronyms

A

Use of initial letters in a phrase to create a new word

20
Q

Example of an acronym

A

YOLO - you only live once

21
Q

Initialisms

A

(similar to acronyms)

only you pronounce each letter in turn rather than creating a new word

22
Q

Example of an initialism

A

FYI - for your information

23
Q

Back formations

A

Where the suffix has been removed from the original word

24
Q

Example of a back formation

A

television (noun) gave the word televise (verb)

25
Q

Derivation

A

Where affixes are added to existing words

26
Q

Example of a derivation

A

UNhappy

joyFUL

27
Q

Words from names

A

Where a word has been created from the person’s name who invented it

28
Q

Example of a word from name

A

“Sandwich” from Earl of Sandwich as he placed food between slices of bread so he could eat and multitask.

29
Q

Can we also lose words from our language?

A

Yes

30
Q

What are words which have become obsolete known as?

A

Archaisms

31
Q

What are good examples of archaisms?

A

Words from Shakespeare’s plays

e.g. “enow” = enough

32
Q

External Language Change

A

Changes from outside influences

e.g. through immigration, invasions and media

33
Q

Internal Language Change

A

Changes due to need of simplification and ease of articulation

English - Language Change (15 decks)

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