lexical change

Question 1

derivation

Answer 1

adding prefixes or suffixes to an existing word
common prefixes –> dis, un, post, anti
common suffixes –> ise, tion, sion, ness

Question 2

compounding

Answer 2

when two words are stuck together in their entirety to make a new word
- half time
- playground

Question 3

blending

Answer 3

when two words are moulded together to form a new word, usually by sticking together the start of one word with the end of another
- motor and hotel become motel
- fruit and tube become rube

Question 4

acronyms

Answer 4

taking the initial letters of words and making them into a combination pronounceable as a new word as opposed to an initialism which is not pronounced
- NATO –> acronym
- LMK –> initialism

Question 5

clipping

Answer 5

removing part of a word, the clipped word then becomes the one most regularly used
- bra
- pants
- flu

Question 6

conversion

Answer 6

changing a word class
- from noun to verb or verb to noun etc
- google from a proper noun to “to google something” a verb

Question 7

coinage

Answer 7

completely adding new words to the dictionary, rare
- Shakespeare coined accommodation

Question 8

propriety names

Answer 8

brand names such as Hoover or Sellotape which are applied universally for all vacuum cleaners and sticky tape companies

Question 9

eponym

Answer 9

the process of naming a location/product/invention after the explorer/inventor
- sandwich, wellington boot

Question 10

borrowing

Answer 10

taking words from another language
- restaurant –> French
- bungalow –> hindi

Question 11

orthographical change

Answer 11

when spellings of words change over time
- “trowsers” –> trousers