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Blood Bank Quiz 2 > Lewis - Duffy > Flashcards

Lewis - Duffy Flashcards

1
Q

In 1979, this antigen joined the Kell system

A

Kp^c

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2
Q

Antigens commonly found in asians

A

Kpc

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3
Q

Fy(a-b-) RBCs are resistant to

A

Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium vivax

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4
Q

In Lewis blood group, another antibody, Anti-Le^b was found and named in what year?

A

1948

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5
Q

Binds complement and TRIGGERS IN-VITRO HEMOLYSIS

A

Lewis antibodies

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6
Q

Detected on RBCs as early as 10 weeks gestation and is fully developed at birth

A

K antigen “Kell”

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7
Q

Most commonly encountered Duffy antigens

A

Fya and Fyb

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8
Q

Very immunogenic (second only to D)

A

K antigen “Kell”

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9
Q

Seen in majority of african americans

A

Fy (a-b-)

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10
Q

A low prevalence mutation result of Kp^b

A

Kp^a

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11
Q

True or false. The Le genes codes for the production of Lewis antigens

A

False. It does not produce Lewis antigens but rather produce SPECIFIC L-FUCOSYLTRANSFERASE to Type 1 precursor substance

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12
Q

Kpb is otherwise known as

A

Rautenberg

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13
Q

The anti-K was discovered by

A

Robin Coombs

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14
Q

The large external C-terminal domain is highly folded by ____________ having 665 amino acids and 15 cysteine residues

A

disulfide linkages

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15
Q

Not commonly detected antibodies

A

Anti-Kpa, Anti-Kpb, Anti-Kpc, Anti-Jsa, Anti-Jsb

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16
Q

Two alleles at the Lewis Locus

A

Le and le

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17
Q

Enhanced in a low ionic strength medium

A

Duffy antibodies

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18
Q

How many exons does a Kell gene consist of?

A

19 exons

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19
Q

Found on fetal red cells earlier than Rh proteins

A

Kell antigens

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20
Q

The young male medical student “McLeod” was initially

A

a Kell null but showed weak expression to some Kell antigens

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21
Q

Kell antigen expression is dependent on the presence of this protein

A

XK protein

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22
Q

In Lewis blood group, mothers who are Le (a-b+) may be

A

Le (a-b-)

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23
Q

Increased in muscle dystrophy during McLeod syndrome

A

CK-MM and Carbonic anhydrase III

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24
Q

Le genes codes for:

A

L-fucosyltransferase

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25
Q

Lewis blood group was reported in this year

A

1946

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26
Q

A phenotype discovered by Allen and his coworkers

A

McLeod Phenotype

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27
Q

In 1946, the Kell antibody “Anti-k” was first identified in the _________ of _________. It reacted with the RBCs of her newborn infant, her older daughter, and her husband.

A

serum of Mrs. Kelleher

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28
Q

A major allele in blacks

A

Fy

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29
Q

In what year was the antigen Js^a described? To whom is it named after?

A

1958; first producer- John Sutter

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30
Q

Present with muscle and nerver disorders

A

McLeod Syndrome (Neuroacanthocytosis)

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31
Q

Two alleles at the Secretory Locus

A

Se and se

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32
Q

L-fucosyltransferase adds ___________ to ______________ of Type 1 precursor to form Le^a

A

fucose to N-acetylglucosamine

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33
Q

Duffy glycoprotein traverses the cell membrane

A

7 times (with 2 disuldife bridges)

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34
Q

Most commonly encountered antibody next to ABO and Rh

A

Anti-K

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35
Q

Duffy antigens reside on

A

a glycroprotein of 336 amino acids

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36
Q

A substance secreted REGARDLESS OF SECRETORY STATUS

A

Le(a+b-) or Le^a

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37
Q

Found in 2% of whites

A

Kp^a

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38
Q

Kx antigen is present on ALL RBCs except those of the

A

McLeod Phenotype

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39
Q

Site of the different Kell genes that produce the antigens of the Kell blood group system

A

Kell locus

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40
Q

High prevalence Kell antigens

A

Kpb antigen; Jsb antigen

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41
Q

k antigen is detected as early as 7 weeks, it is otherwise known as

A

cellano

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42
Q

Why is Lewis not a true blood group antigen?

A

It is acquired from the body tissues/secretions

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43
Q

An antigen that is weak during pregnancy

A

Lewis

44
Q

Carries Kx antigen

A

Xk protein

45
Q

A multiply transfused hemophillac who in 1950 was fount out to produce antibodies against an antigen named “Fy^a”

A

Mr. Duffy

46
Q

Conditions associated with McLeod Syndrome

A

Muscle dystrophy, Cardiomegaly, and chronic granulomatous disease

47
Q

The antithetical k is otherwise known as

A

cellano

48
Q

Found and soluble in plasma and saliva

A

Lewis “Le” Blood Group

49
Q

The kp^a antigen and null phenotype were described in what year?

A

1957

50
Q

Lewis antigens are resistant to

A

treatment by enzymes, Dithiothreitol, and Glycine-acid EDTA

51
Q

In what year was K11 antigen first reported?

A

1971

52
Q

Observed in McLeod Syndrome (BARLS)

A

Bilirubinemia
Acanthocytosis
Reticulocytosis
Low haptoglobin
Splenomegaly

53
Q

Stimulated by pregnancy or tranfusion and persist for years

A

Anti-K

54
Q

Lewis antibody was later called

A

Anti-Le^a

55
Q

Also known as the plasma antigen

A

Lewis “Le”

56
Q

A gene independent to KEL gene

A

XK gene

57
Q

The amino acid at position ____ on Duffy glycoprotein defines Fya and Fyb polymorphism

A

42

58
Q

The Le gene is linked to what genes?

A

H and Se genes

59
Q

Duffy antigens are destroyed by

A

Proteolytic enzymes (Ficin, Papain, Bromelin, Chymotrypsin)

60
Q

Kell glycoproteins are members of what family?

A

Neprilysin

61
Q

Lewis typing may be impossible until about ______ years of age

A

6

62
Q

A high prevalence antigen describe by Levine and group in 1949

A

antithetical k or cellano

63
Q

Sulfhydryl reagents (3)

A

2-mercaptoethanol
Dithiothreitol
2-aminoethyl-isothiouronium bromide

64
Q

Reacts at immediate spin

A

Lewis antibodies

65
Q

Formed by Se by adding fucose to terminal galactose on type 1 precursor

A

H structure

66
Q

Mcleod syndrome

A

Neuroacanthocytosis syndrome

67
Q

The Anti-Le^a agglutinated RBCs from about _______% of english people.

A

25

68
Q

5 sets of alleles that produce the Kell system’s antithetical antigens exist within the Kell locus. What are these sets?

A

1) K and k
2) Kpa and Kpb
3) Jsa and Jsb
4) K11 and K17
5) K14 and K24

69
Q

The Kell glycoprotein is linked with ________ by a disuflide bond at Cys72 of Kell protein to the Cys347 of the ________

A

XK protein; XK glycoprotein

70
Q

Binds variety of proinflammatory cytokines

A

Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines

71
Q

From genetic interaction of Lele and Sese genes

A

Lewis Le(a-b+)

72
Q

In what year were Js^a and Js^b officially added to the Kell system?

A

1965

73
Q

McLeod phenotype has been associated with

A

mutations and deletions at the XK locus

74
Q

Found in 20% blacks

A

Js^a

75
Q

IgM anti-K is stimulated by

A

bacterial infections

76
Q

superfamily of chemokin receptors

A

Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines

77
Q

True or False. Js^a and Js^b are antithetical antigens and are both related to Kell system

A

True

78
Q

Development of Lewis antigen structure begins in the ___________ and may continue for _________.

A

first week after birth; six years

79
Q

Low-incidence Kell antigen foun in 1985

A

K24

80
Q

a patient’s red cells lacks the entire Kell glycoprotein, therefore no Kell antigens

A

K0 (Kell null phenotype)

81
Q

Kell antigens are sensitive to this treatment which reduces disulfide bonds of the protein

A

Sulfhydryl reagents

82
Q

Blood to be received by patients with Anti-K

A

antigen-negative blood

83
Q

Rare and are common in males via inheritance of X-linked through a carrier mother

A

McLeod phenotype

84
Q

How many genes to produce Lewis antigens? What are these?

A

3 genes: H, Se, and Le genes

85
Q

Low prevalence antigen

A

K antigen “Kell”

86
Q

Influence the expression of Lewis antigens

A

Hh and Sese genes

87
Q

Different Kell antigens are due to

A

single base mutations that results to amino acid substitutions

88
Q

True or false. Lewis antigens are antithetical.

A

False

89
Q

Duffy antibodies that are common and usually in a MIXTURE OF ANTIBODIES

A

Anti-Fya

90
Q

Rarely bind complement

A

Duffy antibodies

91
Q

Kp^a antigen

A

Penny

92
Q

Kell glycoprotein has been characterized as _________ which is central to zinc binding and catalytic activity

A

zinc endopeptidase

93
Q

The gene encoding for the Kpa antigen is associated wtih

A

suppression of other Kell antigens

94
Q

Glycoprotein location of Kell antigens

A

Type II glycoprotein with 731 amino acids

95
Q

Duffy gene was linked to a visible, inherited abnormality in what chromosome?

A

Chromosome 1

96
Q

H gene adds L-fucose to ________ of the precursor subtance forming the Le^b antigen

A

galactose

97
Q

Kell Antigens described in 1958

A

Js^a and Kp^b

98
Q

L-fucosyltransferase adds ________ to _________ to form Le^b

A

fucose to H structure

99
Q

antigens also found on lymphocytes and platelets

A

Lewis antigens

100
Q

Kx blood group can be found in (SHEBL)

A

Skeletal muscle
Heart
Erythroid tissue
Brain
Lymphoid organs

101
Q

Inherited independently of the Kell antigens

A

Kx antigen

102
Q

Le genes and location

A

Le/FUT3; short arm of chromosome 19p13.3

103
Q

The Mcleod phenottype RBC lacks __________ with decreased expression of _____________.

A

lacks Kx and Km
decreased expression of other Kell antigens

104
Q

Le gene adds L-fucose to the N-acetylglucosamine of the __________ substance to form the Le^a antigen

A

Type 1 precursor

105
Q

_______________ domain is intracellular

A

N terminal

106
Q

Anti-Fy^b was described in:

A

the serum of Mrs. Hahn following the birth of her third child

107
Q

Found ONLY on RBCs

A

Kell antigens

Blood Bank Quiz 2 (2 decks)

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