Levels of organisation in multicellular organisms

Question 1

what are multicellular organisms divided into?

Answer 1

• specialised cells
  
  • tissues
  • organs
  • systems

Question 2

what are specialised cells?

Answer 2

Building blocks of tissues and organs

Question 3

what are tissues?

Answer 3

Specialised cells are organised into tissues
Tissues are groups of similar cells working together to carry out a function
For some organisms this level or organisation is enough to survive

Question 4

what are organs?

Answer 4

Two or more tissues working together

A distinct structure

Question 5

what are systems?

Answer 5

An organ barely functions independently of other organs

Organs form a system

Question 6

what are organisms?

Answer 6

A complex group of systems

Question 7

what are vascular plants?

Answer 7

high organisation

Question 8

what are non-vascular plants?

Answer 8

do not have vascular tissue or true organs. This limits size due to lack of structural support and limited area they can transport nutrients and water to.

Question 9

what are specialised cells involved in in vascular plants?

Answer 9

transport of water and nutrients and acquiring energy through photosynthesis

Question 10

what do tissues in vascular plants do? what are two main types?

Answer 10

Transport water and nutrients
Two types of vascular tissue:
- xylem
- phloem

Question 11

what are organs in vascular plants?

Answer 11

roots, leaves, stems, flowers, fruits

Question 12

systems in complex plants.

Answer 12

root system and shoot system.

Question 13

what dos specialised cells do in complex animals?

Answer 13

Hundreds of different cells that preform different functions

Question 14

how are tissues made up In animals? what are the four main types?

Answer 14

Cells do not need to be identical to be a tissue, they just need to work together on a function
Tissues in vertebrates are grouped into four basic types:
- muscle tissue: formed by cells that contract (skeletal and cardiac tissue etc.)
- nerve tissue: neurons sense stimuli and transmit signals. Essential for communication
- connective tissue: forms supporting and connective structures such as blood and bone
- epithelial tissue: one or more layers of cells that cover internal and external surfaces

Question 15

what are organs in complex animals?

Answer 15

the eye, skin, heart

Question 16

what are systems in complex animals?

Answer 16

Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Excretory system
Immune system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Reproductive system
Muscular system
Skeletal system
Integumentary system (skin, hair, nails and sweat glands)