Levels of organisation Flashcards
What are the 6 levels of organisation in the body
Molecules, Cells, Tissue, Organs, Systems and Organism
What level of organisation are molecules
The chemical level of organisation
Give some examples of molecules
Water, ions, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
Cells are building blocks of the body give 4 features
Possess a plasma membrane and organelles
Usually contain a nucleus and DNA, and have ability to divide
Produce energy from fuel molecules
Specialised types to perform a specific range of functions:
(protection, secretion, exchange, absorption, communication, movement)
What are the 5 functions of the plasma membrane
Physical barrier and compartmentalisation
Regulation of exchange with the environment
Structural support and site of attachment of proteins
Transmission of electrical and chemical signals
Secretion and uptake of substances
Name 4 ways a substance can cross a plasma membrane
Simple/passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
What level of organisation are tissues
Groups of cells with similar structure and function
What are the 4 classes of tissue
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular
What are the types of epithelial tissue
Simple epithelia: squamous, cuboidal, columnar, pseudostratified
Stratified epithelia: squamous
Name two features of connective tissue proper
Loose and dense
Give two examples of fluid connective tissue
blood and lymph
Give three examples of supporting connective tissue
Bone, cartilage, adipose tissue
Give two types of nervous tissue with examples for each
Neurones: cell bodies, dendrites and axons
Glial cells: Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglial cells
Name three different types of muscular tissue
Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and Smooth muscle
What level of organisation are organs
Collection of tissue types with specific structure and function
