Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CWB1 > Level 1 Textbook highlights > Flashcards

Level 1 Textbook highlights Flashcards

1
Q

Extension lives should be separated by a distance of what?

A

1.6 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are centrelines used to indicate?

A

The centre of holes and cylinders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two types of leader lines?

A

An arrowhead and a black dot instead of the arrowhead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do phantom lines show?

A

Alternate positions of moving oarts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What effect do we want to avoid by using a fillet weld?

A

Notch effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are conventional dimensions used for?

A

Welded fabrication of tanks, hoppers, bases and frames when tolerance is not rigid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are running dimensions primarily used for?

A

Structural fabrication of columns, beams and trusses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is the thickness of steel sheet specified?

A

Gauge number or millimetres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does HSS stand for?

A

Hollow structural sections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does UNC and UNF stand for?

A

United National Coarse and United National Fine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does ‘Class of thread fit’ mean?

A

The degree of tolerance allowed in the fit of the threaded fastener

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Unless otherwise specified in the specification, what type of thread is it?

A

A right-handed thread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is another name for shop drawings and what other drawing are they developed from?

A

Fabrication drawings developed from engineering drawings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does AISI stand for?

A

American Iron and Steel Institute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does ANSI stand for?

A

American National Standards Institute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does BP stand for?

A

Base plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does ELL stand for?

A

Elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does F&D stand for?

A

Flanged & Dished

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does P&ID stand for?

A

Piping and Instrumentation Drawings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A spool is a collection of what?

A

Pipes, associated components and fittings that form a required assembly or sub-assembly to be fabricated and shipped.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the takeoff formula?

A

Takeoff = (centre to centre length) - (total length of fittings) - (total length of gaps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the faying surface?

A

The mating surface of a workpiece in contact with or near another workpiece to which it is to be joined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The flange on a T-joint must project at least what?

A

Twice the fillet weld size to permit the weld bead to be deposited.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

As per CSA Standard W59, the minimum overlap of parts in a lap joint shall be what?

A

5x the thickness of the thinner part joined and not less than 25 mm, while the gap between the mating surfaces should not exceed 2 mm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the formula for theoretical throat?

A

TT = leg x 0.707

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When joining two different thicknesses of material with a butt joint, what must the end of the thicker section be tapered at?

A

No more than 1:2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

In an edge weld, what is fused?

A

The full thickness of the member

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the strength of a fillet weld governed by?

A

The effective throat thickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the effective throat thickness?

A

The shortest distance from the root of a weld to its face, less any convexity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where are intermittent fillet welds mostly used?

A

Mostly on lap and t-joints, sometimes square joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is a joint with backing?

A

Used when there is no access for welding from the other side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When is a back weld used?

A

It’s used on the other side of the joint after a single groove weld is made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

When are melt through welds used?

A

When complete joint penetration and root reinforcement is required in welds made from one side.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

When is backgouging performed?

A

When welding is required from both sides, it may be necessary to remove base and weld metal from the second side to ensure that complete joint penetration is achieved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What position are stringer beads normally used for?

A

Horizontal and overhead positions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is referred to as a GF assembly?

A

A single bevel groove weld with a specified root opening and backing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

For thicker plates, why are unequal double groove preparations made?

A

Minimize the tendency of distortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Having prequalified joint status allows the regulatory authority to approve what?

A

The procedure without the requirement of mechanical testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is a flare groove weld?

A

A joint that is the result of one or both parts of the joint consisting of a 90• bend or convex surface in section that is produced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the cheapest and quickest method of preparing straight edges on a plate up to 3/4’’ thick?

A

Shearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Saws are versatile and effective tools for what?

A

Cutting. Shaping and bevelling material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Bevelling by grinding is usually limited to a bevel depth of what?

A

3-5 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What grit size will basically polish the surface?

A

100-150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What grit size is for rapid stock removal and rough grinding?

A

24-40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Oxy-fuel cutting is what type of reaction?

A

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What colour is the acetylene vs oxygen hose?

A

Acetylene red, oxygen green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

For a neutral flame, what ratio of oxygen to acetylene is needed?

A

1.0 - 1.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

For a carburizing (excessive acetylene) flame, what oxygen vs acetylene ratio is needed?

A

0.9 oxygen - 1.0 acetylene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

For an oxidizing flame, what oxygen vs acetylene ratio is needed?

A

1.5 oxygen - 1.0 acetylene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

For an edge prep where the top edge is melted and rounded, the face is irregular with deep gouges, and bottom edge very rough and regular: where was the fault?

A

Cutting speed too low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

For an edge prep where the top is fairly sharp with slight beading, draglines have pronounced backward rake and considerable undercutting just below top edge: what was the fault?

A

Cutting speed too fast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

For an edge prep, when the top edge is badly melted and rounded over with the face otherwise square: where was the fault?

A

Preheat flames too high above the work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

For an edge prep, where there is a noticeable taper from top to bottom of cut and considerable undercutting below the top edge: where was the fault?

A

Cutting oxygen pressure too high

54
Q

For an edge prep, the top edge is slightly rounded, heavy beads along top edge, face is smooth and square, bottom edge sharp and could actually be considered a fairly good cut: where was the fault?

A

Preheat flames too close to the work

55
Q

For an edge prep, where the top edge is rounded over, heavy beads along entire length of top edge with a considerable taper from top to bottom cut: where was the fault?

A

Preheat flames too long

56
Q

What may be problematic during OFC of light-gauge sheet metals?

A

Distortion, considerable buckling and warping

57
Q

Carbon arc gouging is performed using CC power sources provided what?

A

They have a high open-circuit voltage of at least
60 V

58
Q

CAC-A is thought of as a cutting process, but it is frequently used to what?

A

Remove weld defects when repairing or modifying existing weldments

59
Q

What type of electrode is a good general purpose solution to removing metal and maintaining a consistent tip size?

A

Pointed electrode

60
Q

What type of electrodes are designed to be joined together so the stub can be consumed to reduce waste?

A

Jointed electrode

61
Q

What type of electrode is mainly used to make wide, rectangular and shallow grooves?

A

Flat

62
Q

What electrode produces both a shallow and broad groove?

A

Half round

63
Q

What process is mainly used to cut metals that are difficult or impossible to cut using the oxy-fuel process?

A

Plasma arc cutting (PAC)

64
Q

For PAC, the gas is ionized by what current?

A

High voltage direct current

65
Q

What is capable of conducting an electric current due to the ionized particles and behaves like a metal conductor?

A

Plasma

66
Q

Plasma is an ionized gas this is created by super heating a gas so that…..

A

It’s molecules are separated into ionized atoms

67
Q

Which transferred arc mode does the current go through the piece?

A

Transferred arc mode

68
Q

What is the surface condition produced in the plasma arc process?

A

Rough bevelled side

69
Q

The PAC process uses what kind of power?

A

DC/CC

70
Q

PAC power sources are usually designed with a very high open circuit voltage of usually what?

A

120-400 V

71
Q

What shielding gas is best for cutting carbon steels?

A

Oxygen

72
Q

What shielding gas is best for aluminum and stainless alloys?

A

Nitrogen

73
Q

What shielding gas is the universal second choice because of its convenience and economy?

A

Air

74
Q

PAC has a fast cutting speed of up to what?

A

7620 mm (300’’) per minute

75
Q

With PAC, the HAZ in aluminum plate will be deeper than those in a stainless-steel of the same thickness, because of what?

A

Higher thermal conductivity in aluminum

76
Q

Surface hardening in the HAZ of a plasma cut is minimal while using what as the plasma gas?

A

Oxygen

77
Q

What is the acronym for laser?

A

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

78
Q

A laser is monochromatic. What does monochromatic mean it has?

A

One wavelength

79
Q

What is a gas laser?

A

An electric current is discharged through a gas medium to produce coherent light

80
Q

The gas laser was the first laser to operate on the principal of what?

A

Converting electrical energy to a laser light output

81
Q

What temp does the material have to be in water jet cutting?

A

COLD

82
Q

The effective throat size will always be what on the what symbol?

A

In brackets

83
Q

A plug weld is made with what type of hole?

A

Circular

84
Q

A slot weld is made with what type of hole?

A

Elongated

85
Q

The difference between a backing, spacer and consumable insert symbol:

A

Backing is a rectangle, a spacer is a box on the reference line, a consumable insert is a square

86
Q

What 3 weld symbols are depicted by a rectangular? And what’s the difference?

A

Plug, slot and backing.
The backing symbol will be accompanied by a groove weld symbol opposite the reference line

87
Q

What does RSW stand for? And what’s does this symbol look like?

A

Résistance spot welding, a circle straddling the reference line

88
Q

What does coalescence mean?

A

The joining or merging of elements to form one mass or whole

89
Q

What is a seam weld?

A

Continuous weld produced between overlapping members with a coalescence initiating and occurring at faying surfaces

90
Q

What does a seam welding symbol look like?

A

A circle straddling the reference line with two horizontal lines through it

91
Q

What does a stud weld symbol look like?

A

A circle with an ‘X’ in it

92
Q

What does TB stand for?

A

Torch brazing

93
Q

When there is a weld size and effective throat size depicted on the weld symbol, in comparison to each other, what will they always be?

A

The size will always be more and the effective throat will always be low

94
Q

The percentage of NDT required will be where in relation to the NDT symbol?

A

Right of the symbol

95
Q

What does AWS stand for?

A

American Welding Society

96
Q

How does the AWS group categorize welding processes?

A

PRIMARILY, on the mode of energy transfer, SECONDARY, on the influence of capillary action in effecting distribution of filler metal in the joint (as in brazing or soldering)

97
Q

Soldering is done at what temp?

A

Below 450•C

98
Q

Brazing is done at what temp?

A

Over 450•

99
Q

What does SSW stand for?

A

Solid state welding

100
Q

What temp is SSW done at?

A

Below melting point (no melting occurs)

101
Q

Which welding processes are by far the most commonly used processes in welding?

A

Arc welding

102
Q

What is the ionized gas region between the electrodes called?

A

Plasma

103
Q

What 4 processes use a consumable electrode?

A

SMAW
GMAW
FCAW
SAW

104
Q

Name 3 processes that produce an autogenous weld:

A

GTAW
Electron Beam
Laser welding

105
Q

What type of current do SMAW and GTAW use?

A

CC

106
Q

What is the arc efficiency of SAW?

A

90-95%

107
Q

What is the arc efficiency of SMAW, GMAW and FCAW?

A

65-85%

108
Q

What is the arc efficiency of GTAW?

A

20-45%

109
Q

Where does the first voltage drop occur?

A

Over the electrode extension (the length of electrode between point of electrical contact with the contact tip and its melting point)

110
Q

The magnitude of the voltage drop depends on what 3 things?

A

Electrode extension, wire diameter, and current

111
Q

The 2ND voltage drop is due to a small thin gaseous region next to the what?

A

CATHODE DROP ZONE*

112
Q

The 4TH voltage drop is in the region called the what?

A

ANODE DROP ZONE*

113
Q

Arc blow is more likely to be present during welding of what type of materials?

A

Magnetic materials

114
Q

Rectifier changes what to what?

A

AC to DC

115
Q

In North America, AC is supplied at how many cycles per second?

A

60 cycles/sec
(60 Hz)

116
Q

DCEP can sometimes be called what?

A

Reverse polarity

117
Q

DCEN can sometimes be called what?

A

Straight polarity

118
Q

Describe resistance heating:

A

When an electric current flows through a conductor, a certain amount of heat is generated due to the current having to overcome the electrical resistance of the conductor

119
Q

Resistance heating allows what to melt?

A

The electrode

120
Q

When the dew point is low, what does that mean for the gas?

A

Dry (no humidity)
The lower the dew point, the drier the gas

121
Q

Define cold crack:

A

Defects that form as a result of the contamination of the weld metal microstructure by hydrogen

122
Q

What 4 things must be critical for hydrogen-induced cold cracking to occur?

A
  1. Susceptible microstructure (based on chemistry and cooling rates)
  2. Stress
  3. Critical level of hydrogen
  4. Temp typically below 150•C
123
Q

GTAW is often used for:

A

Welding thin materials and difficult metals (corrosion resistant alloys, aluminum, titanium and magnesium)

124
Q

Orbital welding generally uses what type of current?

A

Pulsed DC

125
Q

GTAW typically isn’t used to weld materials thicker than what?

A

10 mm

126
Q

GTAW power sources operate at wide current and voltage ranges. What are they?

A

Amperage up to 350 A
Voltage ranges from 10 to 35 V

127
Q

Which control initiates the arc?

A

Arc Force

128
Q

The current is higher is the DCEN half cycle than the DCEP half cycle because why? What is the resulting imbalance called?

A

The electrons are not emitted as effectively, causing the current to be lower. The resulting imbalance is called inherent rectification.

129
Q

What is a main advantage of pulsed DC?

A

Able to control current better in all positions

130
Q

What are the two types of GTAW torches?

A

Air cooled and water cooled

131
Q

Air cooled torches typically have a current carrying capacity of what?

A

Less than 200 A

CWB1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions