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CWB1 > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

1
Q

How many primary views in orthagraphic projection and what are they?

A

3: top, front and side

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2
Q

How many views can be determined with orthographic projections?

A

Six

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3
Q

What’s the difference been cast iron and steel?

A

Carbon

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4
Q

What two things does grade indicate?

A

Degree of strength and oxidation

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5
Q

What pressure is acetylenes critical point?

A

28 psi

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6
Q

What kind of threads do oxygen cylinders have?

A

Right hand threads

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7
Q

Acetylene is unstable above what pressure?

A

15 psi

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8
Q

What kind of threads and fittings does an acetylene cylinder have?

A

Internal left hand threads and notched fittings

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9
Q

What part of undercut is measured?

A

Depth not width

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10
Q

Over what thickness of material does it need preparation?

A

5/8»

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11
Q

What are the two types of pictural drawings and describe them in one word.

A
  1. Perspective drawings: true photos
  2. Isometric drawings: distorted photos
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12
Q

What does the auxiliary view show?

A

Slanted surface

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13
Q

What are the four types of sectional view?

A
  1. Full section
  2. Half section
  3. Broke section
  4. Revolved section
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14
Q

What are baseline dimensions primarily used for?

A

Machinery fabrication

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15
Q

What is another name for notational dimensioning?

A

Linear

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16
Q

What is a characteristic of notational dimensioning?

A

Often repetitious

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17
Q

What are running dimensions primarily used for?

A

Structural fabrication of columns, beams and trusses

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18
Q

Name this type of dimension:
All size and location dimensions originate at a single edge and shave a single dimension.

A

Running dimensions

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19
Q

What is required when dimensioning curved surfaces?

A

Centerline to properly locate

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20
Q

Square groove butt joints are used when: (2 things)

A

Material is 3.2 mm (1/8’’) or less with oxy-acetylene welding

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21
Q

What are closed corner joints recommended for?

A

Light gauge sheet metal

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22
Q

What type of joints are used to join metals of different thicknesses?

A

Lap joints

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23
Q

What is buttering intended for?

A

Buildup to provide a buffer or a transition for another surface weld

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24
Q

Hard facing creates a hard or tough surface to control what?

A

Wear

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25
Q

Name the weld positions by number:

A

1: flat position
2. Horizontal
3. Vertical
4. Overhead
5. Pipe - axis of pipe fixed horizontally
6. Pipe - axis of pipe fixed at 45• incline

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26
Q

The groove angle for prequalified joints is usually smaller is SAW or SMAW? What are these abbreviations and indicate the heat input.

A

Smaller for SAW, submerged arc welding, (high heat input) than SMAW, shielded metal arc welding, (low heat input)

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27
Q

Name a welding process where the electrode has a coating.

A

SMAW - shielded metal arc welding

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28
Q

A single groove is usually for thinner plates of what size or less?

A

20 mm or less

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29
Q

What type of joints are typically used for thicker material?

A

J or U-groove

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30
Q

What angle is typically used for plate?

A

30•

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31
Q

What angle is typically used for pipe ends?

A

37.5•

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32
Q

What angle is typically used on V-grooves (wider bevel than normal)?

A

45•

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33
Q

What four types of groove welds typically require less filler metal?

A
  1. Single bevel
  2. Single J
  3. Double bevel
  4. Double J-Groove
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34
Q

What is the quickest and easiest method of preparing straight edges on a plate up to 20 mm (3/4’’) thick?

A

Shearing

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35
Q

How is an abrasive saw different than a band or disc saw?

A

It wears metal away like a grinder

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36
Q

True or false

Planing has the advantage of flattening warping issues in materials that are in excess of 20 mm (3/4’’)

A

False

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37
Q

Oxy-fuel gas cutting can also be used for gouging steel plates. This method is limited to thickness up to what?

A

25 mm (1’’)

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38
Q

Oxy-fuel gas cutting is a rapid form of what?

A

Oxidation (rust)

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39
Q

What type of metals cannot be cut with the oxy-fuel process and why?

A

Aluminum, stainless steel, other metals that can’t be oxidized

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40
Q

Oxy-fuel gas shape-cutting machines are sometimes called?

A

Profile machines

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41
Q

What does CAC-A and AAC stand for?

A

Carbon Arc Cutting - Air
Air Arc Cutting

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42
Q

This electrode shape is required with semi-automatic and automatic machines to permit continuous cutting.

A

Jointed

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43
Q

This electrode shape can produce both a shallow and a broad groove.

A

Half round

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44
Q

This electrode shape is mainly used to make wide, rectangular and shallow grooves.

A

Flat

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45
Q

This electrode shape is a good general-purpose solution for removing metal and maintaining a consistent tip size.

A

Round pointed

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46
Q

What type of materials can PAC/PAG be used on?

A

Any conductive materials

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47
Q

What type of current is the plasma gas ionized by?

A

High voltage direct current

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48
Q

How much hotter is the plasma jet over the oxy-acetylene?

A

10x hotter

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49
Q

Where does the current travel in the non-transferred arc mode?

A

From the tungsten electrode to the torch nozzle through arcing, no current going through the workpiece

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50
Q

Where does the current travel in the transferred arc mode?

A

Through the workpiece, which must be grounded

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51
Q

What direction do you cut for shapes or holes?

A

Clockwise for outside cuts, counterclockwise for inside cuts

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52
Q

Surface hardening in the HAZ is minimal when using what as the plasma gas?

A

Oxygen

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53
Q

PAC uses what type of electrode?

A

Hafnium

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54
Q

What is laser an acronym for?

A

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

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55
Q

What are the two primary types of lasers?

A

Solid state and gas

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56
Q

What thicknesses can be laser cut?

A

1/2’’ to 1’’

57
Q

What type of cut does a laser produce?

A

Cleaner towards the top, rougher towards the bottom

58
Q

Water jet cutting operates on the principle that a high-velocity water jet (_______ m/s) under high pressure (________ psi) can erode many materials.

A

500-100 m/s
30,000-87,000 psi

59
Q

What is the centreline used to indicate?

A

The centre of holes and cylinders

60
Q

How much should extension lines be separated by?

A

1.6 mm (1/16’’)

61
Q

What are phantom lines used to indicate?

A

Alternate positions of moving parts

62
Q

What are the two different types of leader lines?

A
  1. Arrowhead
  2. Black dot
63
Q

What type of dimensions are used for welded fabrication of tanks, hoppers, bases and frames when tolerance is not rigid?

A

Conventional dimensions

64
Q

The angle or inclination a structural member makes with reference to a horizontal position is called a _______ or a ________.

A

Slope or bevel

65
Q

The two numbers that show the slop or the bevel are called what?

A

The rise and the run

66
Q

The thickness of a steel sheet may be specified by either a ___________ or in ___________.

A

Gauge number or in millimeters

67
Q

When the G.A. Is large, the material is what?

A

Thinner

68
Q

Plates are commonly designated with what letters followed by thickness x width x length.

A

PL

69
Q

How are HSS shapes classified?

A

Actual Outside Dimension x Actual Outside Dimension X Wall Thickness

70
Q

For rectangular HSS, what dimension is always listed first?

A

The longest side

71
Q

What does a note stating that a bolt is A325-3/4’’ diameter symbol 10 UNC indicate?

A

Bolt is 325 grade, with a 3/4’’ diameter, 10 threads per inch and is a Unified National Coarse thread.

72
Q

There are three classes, what are they and briefly describe:

A

Class 1: allows for greatest tolerances
Class 2: allows for less tolerances than class 1
Class 3: indicates an extremely close fit with the least tolerance

73
Q

What does UNC and UNF stand for?

A

United National Course and United National Fine

74
Q

Unless otherwise specified in the specification, the thread is what kind of thread?

A

Right handed thread

75
Q

What does BC stand for

A

Bolt Circle or Bolt Centre

76
Q

What did BP stand for?

A

Base Plate

77
Q

What does ELL stand for?

A

Elbow

78
Q

What does F & D stand for?

A

Flanged and Dished

79
Q

What does GR stand for?

A

Grade

80
Q

What does HSS stand for?

A

Hollow structural steel

81
Q

What does JE stand for?

A

Joint efficiency

82
Q

What does NPS stand for?

A

Nominal Pipe Size

83
Q

A spool is a collection of what?

A

Pipes, associated components and fittings that form a required assembly or subassembly to be fabricated and shipped

84
Q

What is the takeoff formula?

A

Takeoff = (centre to centre length) - (total length of fittings) - (total length of gaps)

85
Q

In lap joints, the min overlap of parts shall be what? And not less than what? While the gap between mating surface should not exceed what?

A
  • Min overlap should be 5x the thickness of the thinner part joined
  • Not less than 25 mm
  • Gap not exceeding 2 mm
86
Q

A disadvantage of a T joint is the flange must be how much bigger than the fillet weld size to permit the weld bead to be deposited?

A

2x

87
Q

What is the formula for theoretical throat?

A

TT = leg x 0.707

88
Q

The strength of a fillet weld is governed by what?

A

The effective throat thickness (shortest distance from the root of weld to its face, less any convexity)

89
Q

What are the two types of fillet welds?

A

Continuous and intermittent

90
Q

The diameter of the electrode or wire is chosen based on what?

A

Size of the groove angle (should be as small as possible)

91
Q

Why are unequal double groove preparations made for thicker plates?

A

To minimize distortion

92
Q

To prevent incomplete fusion due to heat absorption from one plate being bevelled and the other not, what can be done?

A

Direct the arc against the unbevelled plate

93
Q

Single Bevel, Single J, Double Bevel and Double J Groove Welds all have what in common?

A

Less filler metal is required

94
Q

What is the main advantage of shearing?

A

No heat effect in metal (no HAZ)

95
Q

Saws are versatile and effective for what three things?

A

Cutting, shaping or bevelling

96
Q

Bevelling by grinding is usually limited to a bevel depth of what?

A

3-5 mm

97
Q

What type of reaction is caused by Oxy-Fuel Cutting (OFC)?

A

Chemical

98
Q

What colour is the oxygen hose and what colour is the acetylene hose?

A

Oxygen = green
Acetylene = red

99
Q

For a neutral oxy acetylene flame, what is the ratio that’s needed?

A

1:1

100
Q

For a carburizing (excessive acetylene) flame, what ratio is needed?

A

0.9 - 1.0

101
Q

For an oxidizing (excessive oxygen) flame, what ratio is necessary?

A

1.5-1.0

102
Q

What is the result of distortion during the OFC of light gauge sheet metals?

A

Considérable buckling and warping

103
Q

When cutting and bevelling quenched and tempered steels or heat treatable low alloy or higher chromium materials, what may need to be removed?

A

The flame cut affected edge

104
Q

What type of current is used in carbon arc gouging?

A

Constant current (CC)

105
Q

CC is used in carbon arc gouging provided they have a high open circuit voltage of at least how many volts?

A

60 volts

106
Q

CAC-A is thought of as a cutting process, but it is frequently used to what?

A

Remove weld defects when repairing or modifying existing weldments

107
Q

Plasma is an ionized gas that is created how?

A

Superheating a gas so its molecules are separated into ionized atoms

108
Q

What type of current ionizes the gas in PAC?

A

DC

109
Q

What are two common faults when using lap joints?

A

Overlap and convex weld bead profile

110
Q

Intermittent fillet weld are mostly used on lap and T joints and sometimes used on what?

A

Square butt joints

111
Q

Fillet welds are used to make:

A

Lap joints, T joints or corner joints

112
Q

What does prequalified joint status allow ?

A

Allows the regulatory authority to approve the procedure without mechanical testing

113
Q

DCEN, DCEP or AC is used when advantages of the DCEP polarity is needed?

A

AC

114
Q

DCEN, DCEP or AC is used for welding metals such as aluminum and magnesium?

A

AC

115
Q

DCEN, DCEP or AC is also known as reverse polarity and seldom used for GTAW?

A

DCEP

116
Q

DCEN, DCEP or AC is the most common current type and polarity used for GTAW?

A

DCEN

117
Q

When setting the AC balance to perform catholic cleaning, what must be increased?

A

Time in the electrode POSITIVE side of the AC sine wave

118
Q

What is the result of using pulsed GTAW?

A

Decreased heat input resulting in less distortion

119
Q

What feature of pulsed current maintains a constant arc throughout the process?

A

Background current

120
Q

What is a tungsten alloy electrode with green on it?

A

Pure tungsten

121
Q

What is a tungsten alloy electrode with yellow on it?

A

1% thorium oxide

122
Q

What is a tungsten alloy electrode with red on it and what’s the current?

A

2% thorium oxide
AC & DC

123
Q

What is a tungsten alloy electrode with a brown band on it? What current?

A

0.25% zirconia oxide
AC

124
Q

What is a tungsten alloy electrode with a black band on it? Current?

A

1% lanthanum oxide
AC & DC

125
Q

What type of tungsten produces radioactive dust when ground?

A

Thoriated tungsten

126
Q

What is the result of using excessive current when welding with GTAW?

A

Electrode erosion, resulting in weld metal contamination

127
Q

What does a blue/purple or blackened end of a tungsten electrode indicate?

A

Insufficient flow of shielding gas, resulting in oxidation of tungsten

128
Q

When using a balled or rounded end for an alloyed tungsten electrode profile, what is the ideal size of the ball?

A

Equal to diameter of the electrode

129
Q

Argon-hydrogen mixtures are used with GTAW on which metals?

A

Stainless steels

130
Q

With GTAW, a longer arc length will concentrate the heat of the arc, resulting in deeper penetration.
True or False

A

FALSE

131
Q

Where should the filler metal be added when manually welding with GTAW?

A

At the leading edge of the weld puddle

132
Q

When would pulsed GTAW be beneficial?

A

When welding thin sheet metal out of position

133
Q

The gas metal arc welding process used what type of gases?

A

Both inert gases and active gas mixtures

134
Q

GMAW is more forgiving than SMAW and FCAW?
True or false

A

True

135
Q

E7018 electrodes should only be exposed to the atmosphere for up to how long?

A

A few hours

136
Q

What is the drawback of MCAW when used in production?

A

Higher associated costs

137
Q

What is the main advantage of using the GTAW process ?

A

High productivity welding with no post weld cleaning required

138
Q

What type of cores worse is most suitable for open air field work?

A

Metal-cored wire

CWB1 (7 decks)

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