Leukocytes disorder

Question 1

Leukocytes include?

Answer 1

• Neutrophils
• Eosinophils
• Basophils
• Lymphocytes
• Monocytes

Question 2

Neutrophils?

Answer 2

• Kill bacteria, fungi, and foreign debris

Question 3

Monocytes?

Answer 3

Clean up damaged cells

Question 4

Eosinophils?

Answer 4

• Kill parasites, cancer cells and involved in allergic response

Question 5

Lymphocytes?

Answer 5

• fight the viruses and make antibodies

Question 6

Basophiles

Answer 6

Allergic response

Question 7

normal range of WBC

Answer 7

5000 to 10 000/mm3

Question 8

Normal range Neutrophils?

Answer 8

1,500 to 8,000 / mm3

Question 9

Normal range Eosinophils

Answer 9

50 to 500/mm3

Question 10

nr Basophils?

Answer 10

0 to 50 /mm3

Question 11

NR Lymphocytes?

Answer 11

1000 to 4000 /mm3

Question 12

Monocytes?

Answer 12

100 to 1,000 / mm3

Question 13

Any increase in WBC?

Answer 13

hyperleukocytosis

Question 14

Any decrease in WBC ?

Answer 14

leukopenia

Question 15

Neutrophilia or NP Hyperleukocytosis?

Answer 15

NPs > 8000 mm3

Question 16

causes of neutrophilia?

Answer 16

• infection, Medication( corticoids), cancer: 20 000, 15 000
• 100 000 <- - haemopathies: myeloproliferative disorders, lymphomas

Question 17

Neutropenia?

Answer 17

• NPs < 1 500 mm3
• moderate: 500 and 1000/mm3
• severe or Agranulocytosis if < 500/mm3

Question 18

What the two mechanisms of Neutropenia?

Answer 18

• peripheral: normal production of NPs
  
  • margination of leukocytes (+ strong
    adhesion of NPs to endothelium)
  • hypersplenism
  • immune destruction
  • Toxic, medication
• Central : medullary origin failure

Question 19

Causes of neutropenia?

Answer 19

• drug
• infections
• hematological neutropenia: leukemias, central associated with anemia
  and/or thrombocytopenia
• Immunological
• KOSTMANN congenital neutropenia

Question 20

myelimia?

Answer 20

• passage of immature granulocytes (myelocytes and metamylocytes) into the
  blood circulation
• Always pathological

Question 21

causes of Myelimia?

Answer 21

• severe infections
• myeloproliferative disorders
• medullary metastases of solid tumors
• bone marrow regeneration after aplasia or severe hemorrhage

Question 22

Hypereosinophilia?

Answer 22

• EPs > 500/mm3

Question 23

Causes of hypereosinophilia?

Answer 23

• parasitic infections
• allergic conditions
• Dysimmune disorders
• neoplastic diseases
• drug

Question 24

Hypoeosinophilia

Answer 24

< 50 , septic shock

Question 25

monocytosis?

Answer 25

• if >1000/mm3

Question 26

causes?

Answer 26

• chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
• certain bacterial infections.
• bone marrow regeneration phase after aplasia

Question 27

Monocytopenia?

Answer 27

• rare

Question 28

Hyperbasophilia causes

Answer 28

n hematological malignancies- Chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 29

lymphocytosis?

Answer 29

Lymphocytes >4000/mm3

Question 30

Causes of lymphocytosis?

Answer 30

• Infections
• Malignancies

Question 31

Lymphopenia?

Answer 31

• Lymphocytes < 1000 /mm3 in adults
• Lymphocytes < 2000 /mm3 in children.

Question 32

What are the two tyes of lymphopenia?

Answer 32

• Constitutional
• Acquired

Question 33

Constitutional Lymphopenias?

Answer 33

• Di George syndrome
• severe combined immunodeficiencies

Question 34

Acquired Lymphopenias causes ?

Answer 34

• HIV
• TB
• Lupus
• Sarcoidosis
• Lymphoma

Question 35

blastosis?

Answer 35

• presence of very young elements:
  . Myeloblasts : AML
  . Lymphoblasts : ALL

Question 36

Plasmacytosis?

Answer 36

• circulating plasma cells

Question 37

Plasmacytosis causes?

Answer 37

. End-stage myeloma
. Plasma cell leukemia (very rare)
. Waldenstrom’s disease