Lessons 3 and 4 Hydrosphere and Atmosphere Flashcards
Water stored in cracks and spaces between particles of soil and underground rocks
Groundwater
An underground layer of rock or soil that has connected pores, or holes, that water can pass through
Aquifer
The boundary between where freshwater ecosystems meets a saltwater ecosystem
Estuary
The process of carrying away soil or pieces of rock
Erosion
The dropping off of eroded soil and bits of rock
Deposition
The process of removing salt from salt water in order to be used by living things
Desalination
The process of removing salt from salt water in order to be used by living things
Desalination
The slow changing of a liquid into a gas below the boiling point
Evaporation
The changing of a gas into a liquid as heat is removed
Condensation
Water that falls from clouds to the ground in the form of rain, sleet, hail, or snow
Precipitation
The average weather pattern of a region over time
Climate
The boundary between two air masses; examples include cold fronts, warm fronts and stationary fronts.
Front
3% of Earths Water is freshwater which is mostly
Frozen
Provides freshwater for homes, farms, and businesses
Running water
Is an artificial lake that stores water
Reservoir
70% of the Earths surface is ________ water.
Salty
Name the two most abundant minerals in the ocean water.
Sodium, Chloride
Is the largest percentage of dissolved materials in the ocean water.
Sodium chloride or salt
Is a measure of how salty water is.
Salinity
Fast running water ecosystems have more _________ than slower running water.
Oxygen
Is an ecosystem that is wet during some or all of the year
Wetland
Wetlands include:
Marshes, Bogs, Swamps
Estuaries change with the ________
Tide
_______ is the constant movement of ocean water
Current
________is a powerful cause of erosion
Gravity
Fast-moving rivers can wash away soil and rocks, depositing them into a lake and ocean. The built up sediment can form a land form called a _______
Delta
________ Where land and a body of water meet
Shoreline
_____ any area of shoreline made of materials deposited by waves
Beach
_ __________Cause rocks to hit off of other rocks and move sand and rock pieces to other locations, such as
forming beaches, sandbars and barrier islands
Waves
The _______ is the energy source for the water cycle
Sun
Step 1
_______ or changes from a liquid to a gas in the form of _________.
Water evaporates, Water vapor
_______ is when water evaporates from the leaves of the plants
Transpiration
Step 2
Water vapor cools in the process of ___________.
Condensation
________ form which is condensed water vapor in the atmosphere.
Clouds
Step 3
_________ occurs as water falls from the clouds.
Precipitation
_________ occurs as water falls from the clouds.
Runoff
________ is a region that contributes water to a river or river system
Watershed
_______ is the condition of the atmosphere at a given time and place
Weather
_______ is the force of air pushing on an area
Air pressure
_______ is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air
Humidity
_______ is the height above Earths surface and is measured from sea level
Altitude
________ is a slow process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces
Weathering
________ air masses form over the northern polar region
Cold, dry
_________ air masses form over the northern polar waters.
Cold, moist
_________ air masses form over tropical land
Warm, dry
________ air masses form over tropical waters
Warm, moist
________ front brings light steady rain
Warm
________ fronts brings stormy weather
Cold
_________ fronts cause rainy weather to last for days
Stationary
