Lesson 9: Cellular Transport Flashcards
True or false: Energy (ATP) is required for passive transport
False
What’s the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
In facilitated diffusion, a transport is needed to allow polar molecules (like sugar) as well as bigger molecules to move through the cell membrane
Why don’t plant cells lyse when they are hypotonic compared to outside the cell?
-Bc they have a cell wall, so they are able to expand without lysing.
-Animal cells don’t so they can lyse
What does it mean when the phrase “with the concentration gradient” is used?
Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration
Define ISOtonic solution
-Concentration of water is the same both outside and inside the cell
-Water is moving @ equal rates, but the net movement is 0
Define HYPOtonic solution
Concentration of water is HIGHER outside the cell than inside the cell (inside of cell has more solute), so water travels inside, leaving the cell turgid/ swelled up
Define HYPERtonic solution
Water is higher INSIDE the cell than outside the cell (more solute outside of the cell), so water travels out the cell, causing it to shrivel and become flaccid
Define EXOcytosis
The cell secretes macromolecules
Define ENDOcytosis
The cell TAKES IN macromolecules
What are the three types of Endocytosis?
-Phagocytosis
-Pinocytosis
-Receptor-meditated endocytosis
What is the key word for facilitated diffusion?
Channel
What is the key word for active transport?
Pump
What is phagocytosis?
“Cell eating”
-Wrapping around molecule with pseudopod and packaging it with a vesicle
What is pinocytosis?
“Cell drinking”
-cell “gulps” drops of extracellular fluid into vesicles
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
-Cell targets specific molecules with the protein receptors of the membrane
What is active transport?
When energy (ATP) is used to pump molecules across the membrane AGAINST the concentration gradient (low to high)
What is osmosis?
When water molecules are transported through a membrane through passive transport
