lesson 9 Flashcards
enchanting
very pleasant or charming
millennium
a period of 1,000 years, or the time when a period of 1,000 years ends
scarce
not easy to find or get
implication
an occasion when you seem to suggest something without saying it directly
spontaneous
happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced
to undertake
to do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time or be difficult
wicked
morally wrong and bad
controversy
a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people
scheme
an organized plan for doing something, especially something dishonest or illegal that will bring a good result for you
consumerism
the state of an advanced industrial society in which a lot of goods are bought and sold
to seize
to take something quickly and keep or hold it
to arouse
to cause someone to have a particular feeling
pivotal
central and important
decisive
strongly affecting how a situation will progress or end
to abolish
to end an activity or custom officially
municipality
a city or town with its own local government, or the local government itself
hospitality
the act of being friendly and welcoming to guests and visitors
to recur
to happen many times or to happen again
retention
the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone
to cite
to mention something as proof for a theory or as a reason why something has happened
morale
the amount of confidence felt by a person or group of people, especially when in a dangerous or difficult situation
inherently
in a way that exists as a natural or basic part of something
predisposition
the state of being likely to behave in a particular way or to suffer from a particular disease
intrinsic
being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing
to retain
to keep or continue to have something
outskirts
the areas that form the edge of a town or city
excursion
a short journey usually made for pleasure, often by a group of people
to found
to base a belief, claim, idea, etc. on something
province
one of the areas that a country or empire is divided into as part of the organization of its government, which often has some control over its own laws
to cater
to provide, and sometimes serve, food
mansion
a very large, expensive house
to hold
to have something such as a meeting or an election
pursuit
an activity that you spend time doing, usually when you are not working
crisis
an extremely difficult or dangerous point in a situation
skyscraper
a very tall modern building, usually in a city
ingenious
(of a person) very intelligent and skilful, or (of a thing) skilfully made or planned and involving new ideas and methods
relentless
continuing in a severe or extreme way
habitable
providing conditions that are good enough to live in or on
ventilation
to cause fresh air to enter and move around a closed space
outbreak
a time when something suddenly begins, especially a disease or something else dangerous or unpleasant
excessive
an amount that is more than acceptable, expected, or reasonable
entrepreneur
someone who starts their own business, especially when this involves seeing a new opportunity
obsession
something or someone that you think about all the time
to diminish
to reduce or be reduced in size or importance
to outweigh
to be greater or more important than something else
hierarchy
a system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance
debris
broken or torn pieces of something larger
notion
a belief or idea
