Lesson 9 Flashcards
It provides protective cushion for the fetus and allow movement
Amniotic Fluid
It is the needle aspiration into the amniotic sac
Amniocentesis
It is an invasive prenatal test in which your doctor takes a sample of the amniotic fluid
Amniocentesis
Does amniocentesis has a small risk or a high risk?
small risk
Does amniocentesis detects all birth defects?
it does not
What are the only birth defects that can be detected using amniocentesis?
Down syndrome
Sickle cell disease
Cystic fibrosis
muscular dystrophy
Tay-Sachs and similar diseases
What are the typs of amniocentesis?
transabdominal
Vaginal
What is the maximum ml need to collect in amniocentesis?
30 ml
How many ml are discarded?
1st 2-3ml collected is discarded
For bilirubin analysis (___) must be protected from light at all times
HDN
Amniocentesis is performed after the _______ of gestation
14th week
Amniocentesis is done between ____ and _____ of pregnancy
15 and 20
it is the test for abnormalities in genes or chromosomes
amniocentesis
what do you call an extra chromosome?
trisomy
what do you call an abnormal number of chromosomes?
aneuploidy
what do you call a missing chromosomes?
monosomy
what are the reasons for amniocentesis?
Genetic Testing
Fetal Lung Testing
Diagnosis of fetal infection
Paternity Testing
What is the color of a normal amniotic fluid?
colorless
Turbid, slight or moderate
presence of cells
Blood streaked
Traumatic tap, abdominal trauma
This test is for fetal hemoglobin
Kleihauer-Betke Test
What is the color of amniotic fluid with the presence of bilirubin?
Yellow
What is the color of amniotic fluid with the meconium?
Dark green
What is the color of amniotic fluid if it is associated with fetal death
Dark red brown
What are the tests for fetal distress
HDN
NEUTRAL TUBE DEFECTS
Measurement of amniotic fluid bilirubin performed by spectrophotometer analysis
HDN
incereased levels of AFP in both maternal circulation and amniotic fluid
NEUTRAL TUBE DEFECTS
major protein produced by the fetal liver during early gestation (prior to 18 weeks)
AFP
What are the tests for fetal maturity?
Fetal lung maturity
Foam stability
lecithin- sphingomyelin ratio determine the _____
Fetal lung maturity
stability of fetal lung alveoli
lecithin
lipid that is produced at a constant rate after about 26 weeks gestation
sphingomyelin
measure the individual lung-surface lipid concentration
foam stability
it is mixed to amniotic fluid during foam stability test
95% ethanol
Qualitatively determined to detect whether the female patient is a pregnant or not
Human Chronic Gonadotropin Hormone
Hormone produced by the placenta after implantation
Human Chronic Gonadotropin Hormone
What are the types of pregnancy tests?
Enzyme immunoassay
Agglutination-inhibition based assay
What are the tests to confirm pregnancy?
qualitative tests
quantitative tests
Quick and accurate test that can be used on site & in the lab
enzyme immunoassay
Based on double antigen antibody reaction
Agglutination-inhibition based assay
detect the presence of bhCG
Qualitative tests
measures the exact amount of hCG
quantitative tests
it provides the growing baby with oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s bloodstream
placenta
