Lesson 7: Plants

Question 1

Kingdom Plantae

Answer 1

All members of the kingdom plantae share these features:

Eukaryotic

Cellulose cell walls

Carryout photosynthesis

This kingdom is broken down into different phyla based on
other similarities.

Question 2

Phylum Bryophyta

Answer 2

The first land plants to evolve from an algal
ancestor.

The simplest plants colonised land about
400million years ago

Small plants that grow in damp places
because they have no vascular system to
carry water

Reproduce through spores contained in
capsules on small stalks above the plant

No roots, just thin filamentous growth
called rhizoids

No cuticle, absorb water across whole
surface

Include liverworts and mosses

Question 3

Phylum
Filicinophyta

Answer 3

Have roots, stems and leaves

Have vascular system to carry water

Can have support from woody tissue
(tree ferns can grow up to 5m tall)

Have fibrous roots or underground
stems called rhizomes

Reproduce by producing spores (in
ferns these are called sori and can be
found on the underside of the leaves)

Include ferns, club mosses and
horsetails

Question 4

Phylum
Coniferophyta

Answer 4

Have roots, stems and leaves.

Have a vascular system to carry water

Produce pollen rather than spores,
wind pollenated.

They produce seeds which are
contained in cones. Conifers are called
gymnosperms since the seeds are
“naked”, not being produced in
specialized chambers.

Needle – like leaves to reduce water
loss

Include pine trees, fir and cedar

Question 5

Phylum
Angiospermophyta

Answer 5

Have roots, stems, leaves

Have a vascular system to carry
water

All have flowers that produce
pollen

Produce seeds, which are
associated with a fruit or nut.

Pollinated by wind or animals

Range from small low lying
plants to large trees.