Lesson 7 - Acids and Bases Flashcards
Acid is made up of ____________ ions.
hydrogen
Bases and acids are __________.
opposites
Bases are made up of __________ ions, which are _________ charged molecules of hydrogen and oxygen.
hydrogen; positively
A hydroxide ion has one ____________ atom and one ___________ atom.
oxygen; hydrogen
A(n) _________ is a special measuring system that identifies how acidic a substance is.
pH scale
A(n) ___________ pH reading means the substance contains a low number of hydrogen ions, which means it is a(n) __________.
high; base
Red litmus paper turns blue when it comes into contact with a(n) ____________. Blue litmus paper turns red when a(n) ___________ touches it.
base; acid
vinegar
acid
water
neutral
stomach fluid
acid
ammonia
base
There are three types of compounds: ____________, ___________, and ____________.
acids; bases; salts
The word acid is taken from the Latin word for __________, which is ___________.
vinegar; acetum
What is the difference between a hydrogen ion and a hydroxide ion?
A hydrogen ion is a positively charged hydrogen atom that is very active when it joins with other atoms. A hydroxide ion is a negatively charged molecule of hydrogen and oxygen.
Name two places acids are found.
Some acids are found naturally in food.
Our stomach has a very strong acid to help our food break down.
Describe five characteristics of a base.
Bases are usually insoluble. Bases are slippery to the touch. Bases have a bitter taste. Bases are made up of hydroxide ions. Bases can be destructive at times.
Most bases are insoluble. What does this mean?
They do not dissolve in liquid.
What happens when an acid and base are combined?
They will form water, which is neutral, and salt.
Name seven good uses of acids
used in painkillers to make cheeses out of milk to add flavor to many foods used in explosives used in fertilizers helps the stomach digest food to make dyes for cloth
Name five good uses of bases.
oil refinement film development cleaning products soap papermaking
acid
a sour-tasting compound that can be very powerful and corrode metal
base
a bitter-tasting compound that can react with other material made up of hydroxide ions
hydrogen ion
a positively charged hydrogen atom that is very active when it joins with other atoms
hydroxide ion
a negatively charged molecule of hydrogen and oxygen
insoluble
unable to dissolve in another substance
litmus paper
a special chemically treated paper that turns a certain color when an acid or a base touches it
pH scale
a special measuring system that identifies how acidic or basic a material is
