Lesson 6: The Cold War Flashcards
The world had barely recovered from the Second World War when it faced another challenge, a war with a new form and approach - the
Cold War of 1945-1991
This happened between former allies, the
democratic United States of America, and the community Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Well-known faces during the Cold War, Former US President
John F. Kennedy
and former First Secretary of USSR
Nikita Kruschev
Unlike the earlier world war,
no direct confrontation occurred during the Cold War.
In the Second World War,
the US and the USSR were allies against the Axis Powers in spite of the lack of trust between them and their different ideologies.
The US promotes
democracy as a system of government and capitalism as an economic system.
On the other hand,
the USSR embraced socialism/communism as a political and economic ideology.
With no common enemy, competing goals, and radically different systems of government,
conflict erupted.
Doctrines:
Marshall Plan
Truman Doctrine
Proxy War
Domino Theory
Marshall Plan-
the United States provided economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Western Europe.
Truman Doctrine -
the United States would provide political, military, and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
Proxy War -
a war fought between groups or smaller countries that each represent the interests of other larger powers.
Domino Theory -
The possibility that the rest of the nearby countries might fall one after the other influence of a Socialist country in a Region.
is an example of the proxy war of the USA. and USSR.
The Korean War, Mao Ze Dong’s revolution and the Vietnam war
Events In the Cold War:
Alliances
The Berlin Wall
Space Race
Arms Race
Espionage
Cuban Missile Crisis
Propaganda Warfare
The NATO or the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was established in
1949
NATO is an
alliance of countries from Europe and North America. It provides a unique link between these two continents, enabling them to consult and cooperate with each other
USSR instigated the
Warsaw Pact of 1955
The Warsaw Pact was
created in reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO in 1955 per the London and Paris Conferences of 1954
but it is also considered to have been motivated by Soviet desires to
maintain control over military forces in Central and Eastern Europe.
The Berlin Wall was built by the
German Democratic Republic during the Cold War to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin, which was controlled by the major Western Allies.
The Berlin Wall (Full meaning Try) If not Press 5
The Berlin Wall was built by the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin, which was controlled by the major Western Allies. It divided the city of Berlin into two physically and ideologically contrasting zones. Towers and guards with machine guns and dogs stood to watch over a barren no man’s land. Forbidden zones, miles wide, were created behind the wall. No one was allowed to enter the zones. Anyone trying to escape was shot on sight.
Space Race -
the competition between the USA and USSR regarding achievements in the field of space exploration.
USA: People in space is called?
Astronaunts
USSR: People in space is called?
Cosmonauts
1st Artificial Satellite Launched?
Sputnik 1 (1957)
First Man on the Moon?
Neil Armstrong (1969)
First Man in Space?
Yuri Gagarin (1961)
First Woman in Space?
Valentina Tereshkova (1963)
Arms Race -
Countries increase the size and quality of military resources to gain military and political superiority over one another.
Paranoia caused each nation’s notion of stockpiling of Arms.
Espionage -
the practice of spying or using spies to obtain information about the plans and activities especially of a foreign government
Cuban Missile Crisis -
was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was the moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict.
The Russian Missiles stocked in _____ even has the Washington D.C. within its radius.
Cuba
Propaganda Warfare -
Ever wondered why Russians are always seen as anti-heroes? Hollywood movies depict Russians as antagonists in most American-produced movies.
The end of the Cold War in
1991 was attributed to the Russian president Mikhail Gorbachev
glasnost –
called for a new era of transparency and openness, making USSR open to the world.
perestroika –
meaning “restructure” which is a political and economic restructuring of the USSR.
As the 1990s began, the Cold War was finally over and the United States was the sole
remaining superpower
