Lesson 6: Statistical Process and Control

Question 1

Conformance to the requirements of the customer

Answer 1

Quality

Question 2

requirements of the customers

Answer 2

painpoints

Question 3

identifies specifications allowed by customer

Answer 3

Spec limits

Question 4

voice of the customers

Answer 4

Spec limits

Question 5

Target

Answer 5

Nominal Value

Question 6

Lower spec limit - target - upper spec limit

Answer 6

tolerance

Question 7

activities that interacts to produce an output or result

Answer 7

process

Question 8

Toyota principle:

Answer 8

The right process will produce right results

Question 9

Aspects of the output

Answer 9

Target - Nominal specification “Accuracy”

Tolerance - deviation, variance, “consistency”

Question 10

_________ is our value preposition, product, offerings

• always have variability

Answer 10

output

Question 11

Expensive and time consuming
- have different distribution

Answer 11

Batch output

Question 12

Rule of thumb

Answer 12

sample mean distribution = batch process, minimum of 30 process

Question 13

mean = x bar
double x bar = _______

Answer 13

total mean

Question 14

What if many outputs at the same time?

Answer 14

1. Pick samples from the batch, say 5
2. Get their average, x bar

Question 15

if pinagsama sama ang sample mean, it will result to a normal distribution

Answer 15

Central limit theorem

Question 16

The arithmetic mean of a sufficiently large number of iterates of independent random variables, each with a well-defined expected value and well-defined variance, will be approximately normally distributed regardless of the underlying distribution.

Answer 16

Central Limit Theorem

Question 17

• can detect the movement or the shift in central tendency
• can’t detect the variability and dispersion of data around the mean

Answer 17

X chart / X bar chart

Question 18

• does not detect change in mean (because of the same distribution)
• dispersion are all the same
• detects increase in dispersion

Answer 18

R-chart / Range chart

Question 19

To monitor the variation of the output.

Answer 19

R-chart

Question 20

2 types of causes in variation

Answer 20

1. common causes of variation ( ex. late ang employees, machines are dirty)
2. special causes of variation (unpredictable, ex. fault in device - we don’t know kung kelan masisira.

Question 21

Cost of quality : prevent variability

Answer 21

Prevention cost

Question 22

Cost of quality : quality check, quality assurance

Answer 22

Appraisal cost

Question 23

Cost of quality : items that are not yet delivered to the consumer (we can still address the issue)

Answer 23

Internal defect cost

Question 24

Cost of quality: Most costly, most difficult, (nalabas na ang item sa consumer)

Answer 24

External defect cost

Question 25

- Used to assess and distinguish sources of variability

Answer 25

Control charts

Question 26

Use standard deviation of the sample means to define upper and lower bounds

Answer 26

Control charts

Question 27

Upper and lower bounds

Answer 27

Control limits

Question 28

The data outside the standard deviation

Answer 28

defects

Question 29

___________ is the dispersion or spread of an input, process, or output around the mean.

Answer 29

Variability

Question 30

Cause of variation - random, appear to be inherent in a process

Answer 30

common (natural) cause

Question 31

Time consuming, expensive

Answer 31

managing variability