lesson 6&7

Question 1

is the information backbone of the site; navigation refers to those elements in the UI that allow users to reach specific information on the site.

Answer 1

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE

Question 2

A website’s (or intranet’s) information architecture has two main components:

Answer 2

IDENTIFICATION and DEFINITION of site content and functionality

Question 3

The___ is documented in spreadsheets and diagrams, not in wireframes, comprehensive layouts (known as comps), or prototypes.

Answer 3

Information Architecture

Question 4

Key elements of information architecture include:

Answer 4

Organization Systems:
Navigation Systems:
Labeling Systems:
Search Systems:

Question 5

How content is grouped and categorized (e.g., by topic, task, or audience).

Answer 5

Organization Systems:

Question 6

How users browse or move through the content (e.g., menus, search bars, links).

Answer 6

Navigation Systems:

Question 7

How content is named and represented to users.

Answer 7

Labeling Systems

Question 8

How users find content via search functions.

Answer 8

Search Systems:

Question 9

4 groups of Nielsen Norman group

Answer 9

Reports
Training
Consulting
Articles

Question 10

The activities undertaken in defining an information architecture involve:

Answer 10

Content inventory:
Content audit:
Information grouping:
Taxonomy development:
Descriptive information creation:

Question 11

Examination of a website to locate and identify existing site content

Answer 11

Content inventory:

Question 12

Evaluation of content usefulness, accuracy, tone of voice, and overall effectiveness

Answer 12

Content audit:

Question 13

Definition of user-centered relationships between content

Answer 13

Information grouping:

Question 14

Definition of a standardized naming convention (controlled vocabulary) to apply to all site content. how information is grouped, classified and labeled within a shared information environment.

Answer 14

Taxonomy development:

Question 15

Definition of useful metadata that can be utilized to generate “Related Link” lists or other navigation components that aid discovery

Answer 15

Descriptive information creation:

Question 16

is a collection of user interface components. The primary goal of navigation is to help users find information and functionality, and encourage them to take desirable actions. Navigation components include global navigation, local navigation, utility navigation, breadcrumbs, filters, facets, related links, footers, fat footers, and so on.

Answer 16

website’s navigation

Question 17

Examples of navigation components:

Answer 17

1) utility navigation;
2) global navigation;
3) breadcrumb trail;
4) local navigation;
5) related links (in this case, articles and blog posts);
6) fat footer.

Question 18

Found at the top of the page, this area typically includes links to help users access tools like login, search, language selection, or user settings. It’s less about content navigation and more about site-wide features.

Answer 18

Utility Navigation:

Question 19

This includes the primary navigation menu, often a bar or set of links that guide users to the main sections of the website (e.g., Home, About, Products, Services). It appears on every page of the site and provides access to core content.

Answer 19

Global Navigation:

Question 20

provide a navigational aid, showing the path users took to arrive at the current page. It typically appears near the top of the page and helps users understand their location within the site’s hierarchy.

Answer 20

Breadcrumb Trail

Question 21

Specific to the current section or page, this allows users to move between related content. For instance, within a product section, it might let users navigate between different products or subcategories.

Answer 21

Local Navigation:

Question 22

This area suggests additional content that is relevant to the current page. These links could point to articles, blog posts, or other resources that are contextually related to the user’s current view.

Answer 22

Related Links (Articles/Blog Posts):

Question 23

A “______” refers to a larger-than-usual footer at the bottom of the page. It typically includes a site map, contact information, social media links, and sometimes links to important pages like Terms of Service or Privacy Policy. It’s often used to provide additional navigational tools and site-wide information.

Answer 23

Fat Footer

Question 24

Each navigation component,
A series of decisions must be made:

Answer 24

Usage Priority:
Placement:
Pattern:

Question 25

Or are they likely to more heavily rely on related links?

Answer 25

Usage Priority:

Question 26

On which pages should it be present? Where should it be placed within the page layout grid (e.g., top, left, right, bottom)?

Answer 26

Placement:

Question 27

Which navigation design patterns best support findability and discoverability — tabs, megamenus, carousels, accordions, and so on?

Answer 27

Pattern:

Question 28

doesn’t need to be final before beginning to wireframe and prototype, but a first pass is necessary to get a handle on the volume and complexity of the content.

Answer 28

IA(Information Architecture)

Question 29

are an important set of ideas for any designer to learn and their implementation can greatly improve the aesthetics of a design as well as its functionality and user-friendliness.

Answer 29

Gestalt principles

Question 30

7 types Gestalt principles

Answer 30

figure-ground
similarity
proximity
common region
continuity
closure
focal point

Question 31

principle states that people instinctively perceive objects as either being in the foreground or the background. They either stand out prominently in the front (the figure) or recede into the back (the ground).

Answer 31

figure-ground

Question 32

The principle of _____ states that when things appear to be similar to each other, we group them together. And we also tend to think they have the same function.

Answer 32

similarity

Question 33

states that things that are close together appear to be more related than things that are spaced farther apart.

Answer 33

proximity

Question 34

is highly related to proximity. It states that when objects are located within the same closed region, we perceive them as being grouped together.

Answer 34

common region

Question 35

states that elements that are arranged on a line or curve are perceived to be more related than elements not on the line or curve.

Answer 35

continuity

Question 36

The principle of ____ states that when we look at a complex arrangement of visual elements, we tend to look for a single, recognizable pattern.

Answer 36

closure

Question 37

states that whatever stands out visually will capture and hold the viewer’s attention first.

Answer 37

focal point

Question 38

refers to making websites, apps, and other digital content usable by all users, regardless of innate ability. According to the W3C, web accessibility “means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them.” Generally, accessibility is discussed in reference to users with disabilities, but accessibility can benefit all users by making things simpler and more intuitive.

Answer 38

Accessibility

Question 39

refers to designing digital environments so they can be used by as many people as possible. Adobe defines ID as design “that considers the full range of human diversity with respect to ability, language, culture, gender, age and other forms of human difference.” Generally, ID is discussed in broader strokes around diversity and inclusion (D&I) goals.

Answer 39

Inclusive design