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TAXONOMY > LESSON 5.1 [A] > Flashcards

LESSON 5.1 [A] Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three domains involved in LUCA

A

1.Eukarya
2. Archaea
3. Bacteria

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2
Q

stands out for its vast diversity in habitat, metabolism, and lifestyle, being the largest bacterial phylum; named after Proteus which is the Greek God of the sea

A

Phylum Proteobacteria

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3
Q

thrive in a wide range of environments from EXTREME to MODERATE and exhibit various metabolic strategies such as Photosynthesis, Chemo-heterotrophy, and Nitrogen fixation; can be beneficial and pathogenic

A

Proteobacteria

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4
Q

Classification within proteobacteria includes classes:

A

Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, Zeta

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5
Q

most dominant in the oligotrophic proteobacteria; others have evolved to live within plant and animal cells

A

Alphaproteobacteria

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6
Q

capable of living in low-nutrient environment

A

Predominantly oligotrophic

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7
Q

Unusual metabolic modes of a-proteobacteria

A
  1. methylotrophy
  2. Chemolithotrophy
  3. Ability to fix nitrogen
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8
Q

ability to grow using methane as carbon source

A

Methylotrophy

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9
Q

utilizes chemical substances for energy, with electron sources from inorganic compounds

A

Chemolithotrophy

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10
Q

orders within alphaproteobacteria

A
  1. Rickettsialles
  2. Rhodospirillales
  3. Caulobacterales
  4. Rhizobiales
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11
Q

key genera of Rhizobiales

A

Bartonella, Methylobacterium, Pelagibacter, Rhizobium, Agrobacterium

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12
Q

the majority of Alphaproteobacteria are under _____

A

Order Rhizobiales

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13
Q

one of the most pathogenic bacteria in humans

A

Bartonella

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14
Q

largest and most metabolically diverse order of A-proteobacteria; includes phototrophs, chemolitotrophs, symbionts, nitrogen fixing bacteria,a nd pathogens; some of them are photosynthetic and symbiotic with other organsims

A

Rhizobiales

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15
Q

forms root nodules and fies nitrogen in association with leguminous plants; chemoorganotrophs and obligaate aerobes; HGT contributes to the distribution of nodulation genes among genera

A

Genus rhizobium

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16
Q

bacteria are associated with plants but pathigenic to them; causing crown gall disease, unable to form root nodules

A

Genus agrobacterium

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17
Q

bacteria that is closely related to nodule Rhizobium but is a plant pathigen that causes crown gall disease

A

Rhizobium radiobacter

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18
Q

capable of using methane as carbon source; pink-[igmented facultative methylotrophs; commonly found on plant surfaces, soils, fresh water systems ,a nd human made enviroments

A

Genus Methylobacterium

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19
Q

intracellular pathogens of humans and other vertebrates; causes diseases like trench fever, cat scratc diseases and inflammatory diseases; transmitted by arthropods and difficult to cultivate

A

Genus Bartonella

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20
Q

ligotroph and obligately aerobic chemoorgaanotroph; abundant in the photic zone of Earth’s oceans; most abundant bacterial species on earth

A

Genus Pelagibacter

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21
Q

it is the surface layer of the ocean that receives the sunlight

A

Photic zone

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22
Q

represent a unique order of obligate intracelular parasites or mutualists primarily associated with arthropods ; cultivation relies on host cells such as chicken eggs or tissue culture because they can’t be cultured in plate since they’re intarcellularparasites

A

Rickettsiales

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23
Q

causative agents of several human diseases,including thypus and rocky mountain spotted fever; typically transmitted by arthropod vectors such as ticks, fleas, lice, and mites

A

Rickettsia

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24
Q

Metabolically specialized, primarily oxidizing amino acids and reliant on host cells for certain metabolites; it is the same with viruses whereas they replicate inside the cells but they only uses the nutrients inside the cell and it doesn’t use the ribosomes of the cell to replicate becuae they have own ribosomes.

A

Rickettsia

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25
Q

what is the transmission cycle of bacterial Ricketssia?

A

it happens when the infectec tick bites the human then the infected human can victim the other uninfected organisms.

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26
Q

2 genus of Ricketssiales

A

Rickettsia and Wolbachia

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27
Q

intracellular parasites that exhibits effect on insect hosts including inducing parthenogenesis, male killing , and feminization.

A

Wolbachia

28
Q

it is the best studied of Wolbachia which colonizes insect eggs and is passed from infected females to offspring.

A

Wolbachia pipientis

29
Q

If there is a presence of Wolbachia, _______ cannot be infected by dengue, thereby inhibiting the transmission of the virus. Therefor, mosquitoes become _______ of transmitting dengue.

A

female mosquito, incapable

30
Q

It serves as a potential biocontrol to mitigate the dengue cases in th country

A

Wolbachia

31
Q

constitutes the largest class of Proteobacteria with approximately 500 species

A

Betaproteobacteria

32
Q

6 orders of Betaproteobacteria

A
  1. Rhodocycales
  2. Hydrogenophilales
  3. Neisserialess
  4. Nitrosomonadales
  5. Methylophilales
  6. Burkholderiales
33
Q

species that include strictly aerobic, facultatively aerobic, and obligately anaerobic chemoorganotrophs, anoxygenic phototrophs, obligate and facultative chemolithotrophs, free living nitrogen fixers, and pathogens of plants, animals, and humans.

A

Burkholderiales

34
Q

it is the type of genus in Burkholderiales that encompasses diverse chemoorganotrophs with strictly respiratory metabolism; promote plant growth but many are potentially pathogenic for plants or animals

A

Burkholderia

35
Q

a soil bacterium that can cause opportunistic infections in humas,particularly in immunocompromised individuals or those with cystic fibrosis; has an ability to form biofilms in the lungs and resistance to antibiotics.

A

Burkholderia cepacia

36
Q

what order is this ifthe genus if Rhodocycales which is charaterized as nonsulfur bacteria

A

Rhodocylus

37
Q

it is a species primarily grow as photoheteropthrops but can also function as photoautotrophs using H2 as an electron acceptor; commonly found in illuminated anoxic environment such as no presence of oxygen, high amounts of organic matter, usually found in septic tanks or waste treatments

A

Rhodocylus purpureus

38
Q

it is another genus within Rhodocycales wherein they need oxygen for metabolism; it is known for producing a thich gelatinous capsule that binds cells togethe, forming a complex matrix with branching projections.

A

Genus Zoogloea

39
Q

what is the bacteria that produces capsule/cellulose to form nata de coco?

A

Acetobacter

40
Q

plays a vital role in aerobic wastewater treatment, degrading organic carbon and faciitating flocculation and settling dor wate rpurification processes

A

Zooglea ramigera

41
Q

encompasses awide array of chemoroganotrophic bacteria with at least 29 genera

A

Neisseriales

42
Q

species in order neiserriales that are typically cocci0shaped, frequuently isolated from animals and can be ither harmless saprophytes or pathogenic

A

Neisseria

43
Q

Found in organic matter or dead organisms such as log

A

Saprophytes

44
Q

species that can cause disases like meningitis in order neisseriales

A

Neisseria meningtidis

45
Q

swelling of meninges in the brain

A

Meningitis

46
Q

responsible for gonorrohoea which is a sexually transmitted infection

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

47
Q

a close reltive of neisseria; rod shaped and known for species like C. vilaceum due to its violet pigment

A

chromobacterium

48
Q

produces the purple pigment violacein, which posess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties

A

Chromobacterium violaceum

49
Q

2 genus of Neissariales

A
  1. Neisseria
  2. Chromobacterium
50
Q

most species within these orders are obligate aerobes, and many are autotrophic

A

Hydrogenophilales, Methylopilales, and Nitrozomonadales

51
Q

this speciesin order hydrogenophilales uses H2 as a electron donor for respiration and the calvin cycle to fix CO2

A

Hydrogenophilus thermoluteolus

52
Q

it is under the genus thiobacilus that oxidized reduced sulfur compounds and can fix CO2 using the calvin cycle

A

Chemolitotrophic Thiobacillus

53
Q

2 genus of Hydrogenophilales

A
  1. Hydrogenophilus
  2. Thiobacilus
54
Q

consists of organisms like Methylophilus species which are obligate and facultative methylotrophs capable of growth on methanol and other C1 compounds

A

Methylophilales

55
Q

includes obligately chemolitrotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, capable of oxidizing ammonia compounds.

A

Nitrosomonadales

56
Q

2 genus in nitrosomonadales

A
  1. Nitrosomonas
  2. Nitrosospira
57
Q

this process can be used to isolate zoogloea ramigera

A

Flocculation

58
Q

This helps to provide a type of nitrogen that is capable of being consumed by plants

A

Rhizobia

59
Q

characterized by EXTENSIVE FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY and significant contributions to microbial ecosystems

A

Betaproteobacteria

60
Q

The type genus ofor Rhodocylales is ______ which is characterized as a purple nonsulfur bacteria

A

Rhodocyclus

61
Q

the formation/production of the capsule depends on the _____ of the secies and based on the availability of _____

A

high gene regulation, carbon supplies

62
Q

among the best-characterized genera of Neisseriales are

A

Neisseria and Chromobacterium

63
Q
A
64
Q

It is isolated in chocolate agar

A

Chromobacterium species

65
Q

Can also utilize simple sugars through aerobic respiration as chemoorganotrophs. Thus, it depends on the available sugar or carbon

A

Methylophilus species

TAXONOMY (4 decks)

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