LESSON 4 Flashcards
- refers to the vast array of metabolic capabilities and ecological roles that microorganisms encompass.
- involves comprehending how microorganism interact with their environment, including their relationships with ecosystems and tehir function within those ecosystems.
Microbial functional diversity
often thought of in terms of the number of different species
Microbial diversity
diverse range of functions that microorganisms can perform. It’s not just about species identity but rather about what these microorganisms can do.
Functional diversity
3 importance of functional diversity
- Ecosystem functioning
- Biotechnology
- Microbiome health
microorganisms play an important role various ecosystem processes including nutrient cycling, decomposition, and biodegradation of pollutants.
Ecosystem functioning
microbes with specific functional abilities have applications like antibiotics and probiotics that are derived from microbial byproducts
Biotechnology
the human body hosts a diverse array of micoorganisms, particularly in the gut microbiome.
Microbiome health
produces happy hormones
GABA compound
Examples of Functional Diversity
- Nutrient cycling
- Biodegradation
- Symbiotic relationship
3 aspects of nutrient cycling
- Nitrogen fixation
- Nitrification
- Decomposition
ensures the circulation of essential nutrients in ecosystems.
Nutrient cycling
Microbes with diverse degradative enzymes can break down a wide range of organic matter, including pollutants like oil spills or plastics. Their functional diveristy is essential for maintaining a clean environment.
Biodegradation
it allows to provide various bemefits to their hosts
Symbiotic relationships
3 benefits of Symbiotic relationship
- Nutrient acquisition
- Protection form pathogens
- Aiding in digestion
In humas, we have a_______ with probiotics associated with gut micorbiome
mutual relationship
analyzes the collective genetic material of a microbial community
Metagenomics
directly assess the functional capabilities of a microbial community; oftern reffered as metabolomics; with these, researchers can identify metabolites produced by microorganisms
Functional metagenomics
provide a snapshot of the metabolic activity of a microbial community, offering insights into their functional potential
Community fingerprinting techniques
these microbes can breakdown the organic matter from plant or animal, secrete the enzyme and they compose complex molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids into a simpler form that they can absorb and utilize for growth.
decomposers and detritivores
main function is symbiotic relationship where both participating microorganisms benefits from each other.
mutualism
one organism can benefit from the interaction while the other organism which is the host, neither harms nor benefits; also called nonsocomial organisms
commensalism
one organism is benefited by obtaining nutrients from the other ogrniams, often harming a host in the process
parasitism
These microbes actively hunt and consume other microorganisms
Predation
a visible mutualistic association between a ungus and an alga or cyanobacterium; found in environments like bare rocks and roofs
lichens
partners and benefits of lichens
- fungus- cannot photosynthesize, so benefits from organic matter produced by the alga/cyanobacterium
- Phototrophs- produces organic food for the fungus through photosynthesis
some lichens may have a third partner. what is this?
basidiomycete yeast