Lesson 5: The Sun And Other Stars Flashcards
When heat is transferred directly through atoms/molecules it is called ____. When hear is transferred because of the movement of molecules/atoms it is called ____. When heat is transferred through waves that require no medium it is called ____.
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
The total energy a star gives off is called its ____.
Luminosity
How many magnitude 3 stars does it take to get as much light as one magnitude 2 star?
2.5
What best describes the relationship between absolute magnitude?
Absolute magnitude is the apparent magnitude an object would have at a distance of ten parsecs.
Star A is a first magnitude star. Star B is a sixth magnitude star. Which star is brighter and by how much?
Star A is 100 times brighter than star B.
In the parallax equation D = 1/p, which of the following units is used to measure the distance?
Parsecs
If a star is 8/5 parsecs away, what is it’s parallax angle (in fraction notation)? The parallax angle is ____ arc seconds.
1.6
“Parallax” is when an object’s ____ seems to shift as the point of view changes.
Position.
High mass protostars first become what kind of stars?
Blue stars
Which describes a nebula?
A large cloud of gas and dust.
The central core that remains after a supernova is known as what?
A neutron star
____ is the term for the prices of accumulating material through the collision of smaller pieces of mass, die to their gravity.
Accretion.
What is the correct order for the seven categories of stars?
OBAFGKM (Oh Boy, A Fine Guy Kissed Me.)
Stars that are hot, dim, and small are known as ____.
White dwarfs.
Stars that are considerably larger and brighter than normal red giants are known as ____.
Supergiants
The process of accumulating material described in the protoplanet hypothesis is called ____.
Accretion
True or False: higher mass stars love longer on the main sequence than low mass stars.
False
True or False: Type A stars are hotter than type O stars.
False
True or False: A very large star will undergo several supernova explosions in it’s lifetime.
False
True or False: A star’s absolute magnitude is dependent on it’s distance from the observer.
False
How far away is a star whose parallax angle is 3/11 arc second?
11/3 parsecs
What is the correct order for spectral types of stars?
OBAFGKM
STAR A IS A FIRST MAGNITUDE STAR. STAR B IS A SIXTH MAGNITUDE STAR. WHICH STAR IS BRIGHTER AND BY HOW MUCH?
Star A is 100 times brighter than star B.
A huge cloud of gas and dust is called a ____.
Nebula
The total energy output of a star is called ____.
Luminosity
The corpse of a low mass star is probably ____.
A white dwarf
Three mechanisms of heat transfer are ____.
Convection, Conduction, Radiation
True or False: Yellow stars, such as our sun, will one day explode in a supernova.
False
How many magnitude 3 stars does it take to get as much light as one magnitude 2 star?
2.5
True or False: the Sun’s energy source is nuclear fusion.
True
True or False: after the Sun leaves the main sequence, it will evolve into a red giant.
True
Which of the spectral types of stars spends the least around of time on the main sequence?
B
What would you conclude if you looked through the eyepiece of a telescope and observed two stars within the field of view, one orange and one light blue?
The blue one is hotter
True or False: in order for the distance to an object to be measured using parallax, it must be viewed from two different locations.
True
True or False: a blue star on the main sequence will live a long time impaired to out sun because it is so massive.
False
Einstein’s theory of special relativity implied what?
Energy and matter are interchangeable.
