lesson 5

Question 1

Elements of good scientific writing

Answer 1

• Good writing skills are essential for researchers.
• No matter how insightful, creative, or well-designed
  particular studies may be, they are not likely to have an
  impact on behavioral science if researchers do not
  convey their ideas and findings in a clear, accurate, and
  engaging manner.

Question 2

• The first prerequisite for clear writing
  the order in which one’s ideas are expressed

Answer 2

Organization

Question 3

• The general organization of research reports in
  behavioral science is dictated by guidelines established
  by the ____
  Among other things, these guidelines stipulate the order
  in which sections of a paper must appear.

Answer 3

APA

Question 4

Perhaps the fundamental requirement of scientific writing.

Answer 4

clarity

Question 5

Unlike some forms of fiction in which vagueness enhances
the reader’s experience, the goal of scientific writing is to
communicate information.

Answer 5

clairty

Question 6

Two primary
factors contribute to the clarity of one’s writing:

Answer 6

sentence construction and word choice

Question 7

The best way to enhance the clarity of your writing is to
pay close attention to how you construct your
sentences; awkwardly constructed sentences distract
and confuse the reader.

Answer 7

sentence construction

Question 8

In sentence construction First, state your ideas ——
possible. One way to do this is to avoid the_____.

Answer 8

most explicitly and straightforwardly; passive voice

Question 9

T/F

IN WRITING, YOU SHOULD AVOID OVERLY COMPLICATED SENTENCES

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

Say what you are going to say as
economically as possible

Answer 10

CONCISENESS

Question 11

Writers whose first draft is
ready for public distribution are extremely rare if they exist
at all. Most researchers revise their papers many times.

Answer 11

Proof reading and rewriting

Question 12

in the 1970s, the American Psychological Association
(APA) was one of several organizations and publishers to
adopt guidelines for the use of

Answer 12

Gender neutral language

Question 13

T/F

Man-linked words not only foster confusion but also
maintain a system of language that has become
outmoded

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Other instances of sexist language involve using words
that are not equivalent for women and men.

Answer 14

Nonequivalent forms

Question 15

T/F
labeling people is fine as long as it clearly define their situation

Answer 15

false

Question 16

APA Manual three purpose

Answer 16

• Help authors write moreb ffectively
• Design to make published research articles uniform
• Design to facilitate the conversion of manuscripts typed using word processing software into printed journal articles

Question 17

7 major sections of apa manual

Answer 17

• Title page
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Method
• Results
• Discussion
• References

Question 18

state the central topic of the paper clearly
yet concisely. As much as possible, it should mention the
major variables under investigation.

Answer 18

Title page

Question 19

titles should generally be more than ___ words

Answer 19

15

Question 20

a summary of the content of the pape

Answer 20

Abstract

Question 21

the abstract should be ___ words

Answer 21

150 to 250

Question 22

describes for the reader the
problem under investigation and presents a background
context in which the problem can be understood.

Answer 22

introduction

Question 23

This section describes precisely how the study was
conducted.

Answer 23

Methods

Question 24

T/F

A well-written method allows readers to judge
the adequacy of the procedures that were used and
provides a context for them to interpret the findings.

Answer 24

true

Question 25

This section reports the statistical analyses of the data
collected in the study. Generally, writers begin by
reporting the most important results and then work their
way to secondary findings.

Answer 25

Results

Question 26

Researchers are not obligated to describe all relevant results,
even those that are contrary to their predictions.

Answer 26

false