Lesson 5

Question 1

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 1

Include archaea and bacteria
-unicellular
-small
-lack internal compartments
-cell wall
- may have capsule, pili, flagella

Question 2

Common features of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 2

Plasma membrane
DNA is the genetic material
Control of gene expression
Metabolic pathways

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

Large RNA protein complexes that synthesize proteins
Exist in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Found inside mitochondria and chloroplast of eukaryotic cells

Question 4

Animals cells

Answer 4

Nucleus
Er and golgi
Lysomes
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria

Question 5

Plant cell

Answer 5

Nucleus
Er and golgi
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cell wall

Question 6

Phospholipids

Answer 6

A polar hydrophilic head
2 hydrophobic tails each consisting of a fatty acid chain
Fatty acid are hydrocarbon with carbolic acid group at one end

Question 7

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 7

Provide a selective barrier to the movement of molecules from one side of the bilayer to the other
Some molecules can freely diffuse others cannot

Question 8

Cell membranes are 2 dimensional fluids

Answer 8

Phospholids and proteins move laterally within membrane due to relatively weak hydrophobic interactions

Question 9

Factors that reduce membrane fluidity

Answer 9

Lower temperature
Longer fatty acid chains
Saturated fatty acid chains

Question 10

Transmembrane proteins

Answer 10

Pass directly through the lipid bilayer and typically have a portion exposed on each side of the membrane

Question 11

Peripheral proteins

Answer 11

Non covalent associated with transmembrane proteins or membrane lipids
Can be removed from the membrane with agents that disrupt protein or lipid non covalent interactions