Lesson 4

Question 1

Carbon

Answer 1

Framework for most biological molecules
May bind to other carbon atoms, or to atoms of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur

Question 2

Carbs

Answer 2

Energy storage, structural support

Question 3

Proteins

Answer 3

Enzymes and structural support

Question 4

Nucleic acids

Answer 4

Storage and expression of genetic information

Question 5

Lipids

Answer 5

Energy storage, membrane structure, cell communication

Question 6

Monosaccharides

Answer 6

Contain C, H, O in 1:2:1 ratio
Bonds store energy
Typically have 3-6 carbons

Question 7

Disaccharides

Answer 7

Formed by the covalent linkage of 2 monosaccharides
Removal of water molecule each time a subunit is added to the end of a growing polymer

Question 8

Polysaccharides

Answer 8

Monosaccharides and some disaccharides assemble into much longer polymers

Question 9

Nucleic acids are assembled from nucleotides

Question 10

Nucleotides

Answer 10

5 carbon pentose sugar
Nitrogenous base and 1 phosphate group

Question 11

Nitrogenous base

Answer 11

Determines identity of nucleotide
Adenine guanine cytosine thymine and uracil

Question 12

Adenine and guanine

Answer 12

Double ring molecules (purines)

Question 13

Cytosine thymine and uracil

Answer 13

Single ring molecules (pyrimidines)

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

Double
Thymine
2 deoxyribose

Question 15

RNA

Answer 15

Single
Uracil
Ribose