LESSON 5 Flashcards
is a group of people who rule or run the administration of a country. In other words, it may be said that a ___ is the body of representatives that governs and controls the state at a given time. It is the name given to the entity exercising that authority.
is a system or a set of systems of various fictional offices, structures, and/or frameworks that relate to the management, possession, control, use, and/or needs of a defined population as it relates to that area and/or to certain resources.
Government
is the act of governing or ruling. It is the set of rules and laws framed by the government that are to be implemented through the representatives of the state. UNDP defined governance as the exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels. It comprises mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations, and mediate their differences.
can be understood as the utilization of the systems or subsystems and the fictional offices, structures, and or frameworks within it by individuals in order to affect the purposes or meet the responsibility with which the particular system was imbued with in its design.
governance
is concerned directly with the management of the development process – social, economic, political, and environmental. This could easily be understood by putting yourself inside a classroom. Imagine electing someone who has no concern on improving or addressing class issues. The room for improvement and development is put to waste. The same goes when you try to imagine a family where the older members do not have the initiative to develop themselves and/or do not have the will to help develop those around them. It creates an invitation to troubles and struggles. The system, if there is one in the first place, would crumble.
concept of governance
can be defined as expanding the choices for all people in society. This means that men and women - particularly the poor and vulnerable - are at the center of the development process. It also means “protection of the life opportunities of future generations…and… the natural systems on which all life depends___. This makes the central purpose of development the creation of an enabling environment in which all can enjoy long, healthy and creative lives.
Human development
(UNDP, Human Development Report 1996)
Often undervalued and misunderstood, yet it is the central role of the city, town, and legislative bodies.
Policy-making
policies created by our __ affect everyone in the community in some way.
local governments
determines what services will be provided to the residents, the level of those services, and what kinds of development will occur in the community.
It determines what the community’s future will be.
Public policy
___are created to guide decision-making. ___ members of cities and towns have public policy-making responsibilities.
Policies
Elected council
is complex. It demands the very best of local officials. The public policy-making process is highly decentralized. Policy initiation, formulation, adoption, and implementation involve many interests. This process has been characterized as tending to be “fluid, incremental, confused, often disorderly and even incoherent.”
Local policy-making
Policies can be driven by the local city council and generally fall into two main categories
ordinances
resolutions
Is an act adopted by a municipal governing body having effect only within the jurisdiction of the municipal government. It is a municipal law that often imposes a sanction for violation.
ordinance
Is a statement of policy by the governing body or an order by the governing body that a specific action be taken. usually apply only within the municipal government itself.
resolution
HOW TO RECOGNIZE “GOOD POLICY”
• There is Public Support
• Policies are Just
• Sound Decisions are Backed by Solid Analysis
• Policies are Relevant
• Policy can be Implemented
• Results are Monitored
Usually, policy adopted by a majority vote of a legislative body is “good” policy. A supermajority vote makes “great” policy. The council does not make policy in a vacuum. Councils rely on ideas from many sources, including staff, citizen’s groups, advisory committees, chambers of commerce, and others. Strong council support for a policy is more likely if there is strong support in the community.
• There is Public Support
Good policy is fair and equitable; it does not impose disproportional impacts on interest groups. Policy decisions should be based upon due process that respects the constitutional rights of individuals. Policy-making is not always about what’s popular. Sometimes it means protecting the legitimate interests of minority views too.
• Policies are Just
