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CMT > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

is a building material which solidifies and hardens after mixing with water and placement due to chemical process known as hydration.

A

Concrete

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2
Q

The water reacts with cement, which bonds the other components fine aggregates (sand) and coarse aggregates (gravel) together; and eventually produces a hard stone-like material.

A

Concrete

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3
Q

is used to make pavements, pipe, engineering structures, foundations, roads, bridges, walls, footings, etc.

A

Concrete

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4
Q

Classifications of Concrete

A
  • general classification
  • classification according to portion
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5
Q

2 General Classification of Concrete

A
  • plain concrete
  • Reinforced Concrete
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6
Q

A structural concrete with no reinforcement or with less reinforcement than the minimum amount specified for reinforced concrete.

A

Plain Concrete

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7
Q

A structural concrete reinforced with no less than the minimum amounts of reinforcing bars, pre-stressing tendons or non-pre-stressed reinforcement.

A

Reinforced Concrete

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8
Q

4 Classifications of Concrete According to Proportions

A
  • Class AA
  • Class A
  • Class B
  • Class C
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9
Q

A rich concrete mixture that can be used for columns of reinforced concrete building and for construction where a very strong and dense concrete is required.

A

Class AA

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10
Q

A good concrete mixture that can be used for reinforced concrete works of all kinds and best suited for general concrete works.

A

Class A

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11
Q

A medium concrete mixture that can be used for plain concrete foundations, walls, floors, etc. and for not much strength of impermeability is required

A

Class B

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12
Q

A lean concrete mixture that can be used for heavy masses.

A

Class C

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13
Q

Classification of cement with 1:1.5:3 ratio.

A

Class AA

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14
Q

Classification of cement with Concrete works for docks, water structure, reservoir in nature of work.

A

Class AA

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15
Q

Classification of cement with 1:2:4
ratio

A

Class A

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16
Q

Classification of cement with Reinforced concrete works buildings, bridges and tunnels in nature of work.

A

Class A

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17
Q

Classification of cement with 1:2.5:5 ratio

A

Class B

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18
Q

Classification of cement with Heavy walls, retaining walls, piers, abutments, floor and arches in nature of work

A

Class B

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19
Q

Classification of cement with 1:3:6 ratio

A

Class C

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20
Q

Classification of cement with Mass concrete, backing for stone masonry, concrete blocks in nature of work

A

Class C

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21
Q

The main ingredient is slaked lime and used as a binding material

A

Lime Concrete

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22
Q

6 Types of Cement Concrete (PSHARP)

A
  • Pre-packed Concrete
  • Special Cerment Concrete
  • Heavy Weight Concrete
  • Aerated Concrete
  • Reinforced Cement Concrete
  • Pre-Stressed Cement Concrete
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23
Q

Produced to suit a variety of special requirements of environmental condition.

A

Special Cerment Concrete

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24
Q

This is obtained by embedding steel bars in tension zones of the structural member to offset tension weakness of plain cement concrete.

A

Reinforced Cement Concrete

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25
Q

This is obtained with high graded steel wires or tendon wires.

A

Pre-Stressed Cement Concrete

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26
Q

Manufactured from calcareous and siliceous materials.

A

Aerated Concrete.

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27
Q

Produced by using special heavy-weight aggregates and compacting well by mechanical means

A

Heavy Weight Concrete

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28
Q

Obtained by packed and injecting cement sand mortar under pressure to fill voids already fully compact coarse aggregates.

A

Pre-packed Concrete

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29
Q

3 Special Types of Concrete (HAL)

A
  • High-Early Strength Concrete
  • Air Entrained Concrete
  • Light weight Concrete
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30
Q

Contains billions of microscopic cells per ft^3 and is produced by the use of air entraining Portland cement.

A

Air Entrained Concrete

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31
Q

Produced by using high-early strength cement.

A

High-Early Strength Concrete.

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32
Q

Made from light weight aggregates

A

Light weight Concrete

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33
Q

7 Mix Proportioning Method for Concrete WM WAFAM

A
  • Weight Method
  • Maximum density Method
  • Water Cement Ratio
  • Absolute-Volume Method
  • Fineness Modulus Method
  • Arbitrary Standard Method
  • Minimum Voids Method
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34
Q

Fairly simple and quick for estimating mix proportion using an assumed or known weight of concrete per unit volume

A

Weight Method

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35
Q

More accurate method involves used of specific gravity values for all ingredients to calculate the it and each will occupy in a unit volumes of concrete.

A

Absolute-Volume Method

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36
Q

It is used to indicate an index number which is roughly proportional to the average size of the particle in the entire quantity of aggregates

A

Fineness Modulus

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37
Q

Ratio of fine agregates and coarse aggregates to develop a dense mix that lies between 1:1/2 and 1:2/1/2.

A

Arbitrary Standard Method

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38
Q

The quantity of fine aggregate used in the mixed is about 10% more than the voids in the coarse aggregates and the quantity of cement is kept about 15% more than the voids in the fine aggregates

A

Minimum Voids Method

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39
Q

In this method a box of fixed volume is filled with varying proportion of fine and coarse aggregates.

A

Maximum density Method

40
Q

The amount of water in mixing concrete is the most important factor affecting the strength of a given proportion

A

Water Cement Ratio

41
Q

Properties of concrete are divided into two parts:

A
  • Properties of Fresh Concrete or Plastic Stage
  • Properties of Hardened Concrete
42
Q

is a measure of the stiffness or sloppiness or fluidity of the mix.

A

Consistency of a concrete mix or Consistency

43
Q

It is therefore necessary to measure the consistency of concrete at _______________.

A

regular intervals

44
Q

It is therefore necessary to measure this at regular intervals.

A

consistency of concrete

45
Q

Commonly used to measure consistency of concrete

A

Slump Test

46
Q

From the time of mixing, fresh concrete gradually loses ___________.

A

consistency

47
Q

It is caused due to the following reasons: hydration of cement (generating more heat), loss of water by evaporation, absorption of water by dry aggregates and absorption of water by surfaces in contact with the concrete

A

slump loss in concrete/slump loss

48
Q

The ease which concrete can be compacted fully without segregation and bleeding.

A

Workability

49
Q

It is the relative ease with which concrete can be placed, compacted and finished without separation or segregation of the individual materials

A

workability of a concrete mix

50
Q

True or False

Workability is the SAME thing as consistency.

A

false ; NOT THE SAME

51
Q

This is not the same thing as consistency

A

workability

52
Q

True or False

Mixes with the same consistency can have different workability’s, if they are made with different sizes of stone; the smaller the stone the more workable the concrete

A

True

53
Q

True or False

It is POSSIBLE to measure workability but the slump test, together with an assessment of properties like stone content, cohesiveness and plasticity; it gives a useful indication.

A

false ; NOT POSSIBLE

54
Q

Implies the separation of the coarser particles from the mix which results in non homogeneity of the concrete mix

A

Segregation

55
Q

The appearance of water along the cement particles on surface of freshly laid concrete on compaction and finishing

A

Bleeding

56
Q

Cement and aggregate particles have densities about three times that of water. In fresh concrete they consequently tend to settle and displace mixing water which migrates upward and may collect on the top

A

Settlement and Bleeding

57
Q

The hardening of concrete before its hydration is known as ______________.

A

Setting

58
Q

It derives its strength by the hydration of cement particles.

A

Concrete

59
Q

The _____________ of cement is not a momentary action but a process continuing for a long time.

A

hydration

60
Q

it reduces the density of concrete and consequently reduces the strength.

A

Air entrainment.

61
Q

8 Factors under the Plastic Stage
CHS SWABS

A
  • Consistency
  • Hydration
  • Segregation
  • Setting
  • Workability
  • Air entrainment
  • Bleeding
  • Settlement and Bleeding
62
Q

The characteristics ___________ of concrete is defined as the compressive strength of 150 mm size cubes after 28 days of curing below which not more than 5 % of the test results are expected to fail.

A

strength

63
Q

When we refer to concrete strength, we generally talk about ______________ of concrete.

A

compressive strength

64
Q

When we refer to ___________________, we generally talk about compresive strength of concrete.

A

concrete strength

65
Q

It is strong in compression but relatively weak in tension and bending.

A

concrete

66
Q

it is measure in pounds per square inch (psi) or newton per square millimeter (MPa)

A

concrete compressive strength

67
Q

It mostly depends upon the amount and type of cement used in concrete mix.

A

Compressive strength

68
Q

It is also affected by the water-cement
of ratio, mixing method, placing and curing.

A

Compressive strength

69
Q

It ranges from 7% to 12% compressive strength.

A

Concrete tensile strength

70
Q

Both ______________ and ______________ can be increased by adding reinforcement.

A

tensile strength and bending strength

71
Q

The period existence of concrete without getting adversely affected by these forces is known as ____________.

A

durability

72
Q

might be defined as the ability to maintain satisfactory performance over and extended service life

A

durability

73
Q

True or False

The design service life of most buildings is often 30 years, although buildings often last 50 to 100 years.

A

true

74
Q

True or False

Most concrete buildings are demolished due to DETERIORATION rather than OBSOLESCENCE

A

false ; due to OBSOLESCENCE rather than DETERIORATION

75
Q

it requiresc different degrees of durability depending on the exposure environment and properties desired

A

concrete

76
Q

The resistance of concrete to the flow of water through its pores.

A

Impermeability

77
Q

Excess water during concreting leaves a large number of continuous pores leading to ______________.

A

permeability

78
Q

Concrete shrinks with age and the total shrinkage depends upon the constituents of concrete, size of the member and the environmental conditions

A

Dimensional changes

79
Q

It is approximately 0.0003 of original dimension.

A

Total shrinkage

80
Q

The volume decrease of concrete caused by drying and chemical changes.

A

Shrinkage

81
Q

In another word, the reduction of volume for the setting and hardening of concrete is defined as ______________.

A

shrinkage

82
Q

Deformation of concrete structure under sustained load is defined as _______________.

A

concrete creep

83
Q

This deformation usually occurs in the direction the force is applied

A

creep

84
Q

The permanent dimension change due to loading over a long period is termed as _________.

A

creep

85
Q

this depends on the Modulus of Elasticity of the concrete ingredients and their mix proportions.

A

modulus of Elasticity

86
Q

Sometimes it is called the impermeability of concrete

A

Water Tightness.

87
Q

Water Tightness is sometimes called _____________.

A

impermeability of concrete

88
Q

_________ of concrete is directly related to the durability of concrete

A

Water tightness

89
Q

True or False

The MORE the permeability; the the more the durability of concrete.

A

false ; The LESSER the permeability; the more the durability of concrete

90
Q

this has moderate thermal conductivity, much lower than metals, but significantly higher than other building materials such as wood, and it is a poor insulator.

A

concrete

91
Q

is frequently used for ‘fireproofing’ of steel structures.

A

layer of concrete

92
Q

Concrete has moderate _______________, much lower than metals, but significantly higher than other building materials such as wood, and it is a poor insulator.

A

thermal conductivity

93
Q

However, the term ____________ is
inappropriate, for high temperature fires can be hot enough to induce chemical changes in concrete: which in the extreme can cause considerable structural damage to the concrete.

A

fireproof

94
Q

The _________ of concrete depends on percentage of reinforcement, type of aggregate and amount of voids.

A

unit weight

95
Q

is a method used to maintain a satisfactory moisture content and temperature in a concrete for a period of time immediately after placing and finishing to develop the desired properties for its intended used.

A

Curing of Concrete

CMT (6 decks)

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