lesson 5

Question 1

refers to permanence of radiograph

Answer 1

archival quality

Question 2

contains acetic acid

Answer 2

fixer

Question 3

activator, neutralizes the developer

Answer 3

acetic acid

Question 4

fixing agent, removes undeveloped silver bromide from emulsion

Answer 4

ammonium thiosulfate

Question 5

hardener, stiffens and shrinks emulsion

Answer 5

potassium alum

Question 6

buffer, maintains proper pH

Answer 6

acetate

Question 7

sequestering agent, removes aluminum ions

Answer 7

boric acid and salt

Question 8

agent classically known as hypo

Answer 8

sodium thiosulfate

Question 9

term use to describe the undesirable retention of the fixer in the emulsion

Answer 9

hypo retention

Question 10

chemicals commonly used as hardeners are

Answer 10

• potassium alum
• aluminum chloride
• chromium alum

Question 11

common cause of poor archival quality

Answer 11

silver sulfide stain

Question 12

a preservative, needed to maintain chemical balance

Answer 12

sodium sulfite

Question 13

wash away any residual chemicals remaining in the emulsion, particularly hypo

Answer 13

washing

Question 14

wash water should be _ below the developing temperature

Answer 14

3 C (5 F)

Question 15

is blown over the surface of the film

Answer 15

drying

Question 16

automatic processors require a total of _ time from start to finish - dry to drop time

Answer 16

90s

Question 17

permanent radiograph must retain a moisture content of

Answer 17

10% -15%