Lesson 4.2 Flashcards
• pays close attention to value, traditions, norms, and belief systems
• The knowledge of such matters is essential if one is to interpret correctly the interaction among the component parts of the social system.
Culture as a setting factor
• Kaugalian as often referred as culture
• It is notoriously difficult to change not because the beliefs and practices come with our genes but because they have been shaped over time, hammered into our collective psyches.
Pinoy Kasi Column
Cultural traits are being studied in terms of the possible contribution they make to a population’s adaptation to its ecosystem rather than as being part of a coherent system in their own right.
Conceptual approaches to Human Ecology
protecting the society rather than rehabilitating the criminal
Innate Human Nature Orientation
Nature is superior over man
Subjugation to nature orientation
Man and nature are interdependent with each other
Harmony with Nature
man is superior over nature.
Mastery over nature
All communities have some concern with the past, the present and the future, but they differ in the importance accorded to each.
Time Orientation
They tend to be complacent and take pride in what their ancestors have done more than in what they have done themselves and therefore tend to resist change and stress conformity almost as an end in itself.
Past Orientation
People are contented with the existing situation.
Present Orientation
People think in terms of their children’s future. People hope of improving not only their material status but their social status as well.
Future Orientation
Emphasizes activities just for the maintenance of life.
Being orientation
Emphasizes activities for the development of all aspects of the self as an integrated whole.
Being in becoming orientation
Emphasizes activities that result in the accomplishment of certain tasks within certain kind of standards.
Doing orientation
There are three subdivisions that are present in some form in all systems of human relations but receive different emphasis from community to community.
Relational Orientation
This stresses upon age and generational differences and upon cultural continuity. Family is more important than individual
Lineal Orientation
• Emphasizes relationships based on peer group
• The stress is upon goals and welfare of this laterally extended group which is always moderately independent of other similar groups.
Collateral Orientation
Individual goals are primary over the goals of specific or lineal group
Individualistic Orientation
This influences the social relations of the people.
If a community system is to operate to the satisfaction of its members, they must know how to behave acceptably as part of that system.
Personality as a setting factor
These are useful in describing the bond between two interacting persons.
Social Relationships
These assist in ranking statuses as higher or lower, more or less important
Social Values
These set the limits within which roles must be played.
Norms
Describes the internalization or the automatic acceptance of the appropriate roles, values and norms
Socialization
4 FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE PERSONALITY OF THE COMMUNITY
- Social Relationships
- Social Values
- Norms
- Socialization
the dominant worldview of markets and economic growth—46%of the population in 2000;
Modernists
a nostalgic appeal to earlier (often more religious) times—26 % of the population in 2000;
Traditionalists
a worldview based on sustainability, equity, and sufficiency—28 % of the population in 2000
Cultural Creatives
Three symbotypes
- Modernists
- Traditionalists
- Cultural Creatives
There is a need to know the past to understand the present events.
The past definitely live on in the present.
Without the knowledge about the past, contemporary events cannot be fully understood.
The study of the past also helps one find out why communities that are reasonably close together and quite similar from the standpoint of the physical environment and population characteristics differ so much in their approach to many of the problems of the day
Time as a setting factor
• A crucial setting factor for any community is the larger society of which it is a part.
• A community as a social system is very difficult to understand without some reference to the national scene where social change is occurring in an accelerated scale.
The Larger Society as a Setting Factor
Six Value Orientation of People
- Innate Human-Nature orientation
- Man-Nature Orientation
- Time Orientation (Past, Present, Future)
- Activity Orientation (Being, Being in Becoming, Doing)
- Relational Orientation (Lineal, Collateral, Individualistic)
- Personality as a setting factor
