Lesson 4.2

Question 1

• pays close attention to value, traditions, norms, and belief systems
• The knowledge of such matters is essential if one is to interpret correctly the interaction among the component parts of the social system.

Answer 1

Culture as a setting factor

Question 2

• Kaugalian as often referred as culture
• It is notoriously difficult to change not because the beliefs and practices come with our genes but because they have been shaped over time, hammered into our collective psyches.

Answer 2

Pinoy Kasi Column

Question 3

Cultural traits are being studied in terms of the possible contribution they make to a population’s adaptation to its ecosystem rather than as being part of a coherent system in their own right.

Answer 3

Conceptual approaches to Human Ecology

Question 4

protecting the society rather than rehabilitating the criminal

Answer 4

Innate Human Nature Orientation

Question 5

Nature is superior over man

Answer 5

Subjugation to nature orientation

Question 6

Man and nature are interdependent with each other

Answer 6

Harmony with Nature

Question 7

man is superior over nature.

Answer 7

Mastery over nature

Question 8

All communities have some concern with the past, the present and the future, but they differ in the importance accorded to each.

Answer 8

Time Orientation

Question 9

They tend to be complacent and take pride in what their ancestors have done more than in what they have done themselves and therefore tend to resist change and stress conformity almost as an end in itself.

Answer 9

Past Orientation

Question 10

People are contented with the existing situation.

Answer 10

Present Orientation

Question 11

People think in terms of their children’s future. People hope of improving not only their material status but their social status as well.

Answer 11

Future Orientation

Question 12

Emphasizes activities just for the maintenance of life.

Answer 12

Being orientation

Question 13

Emphasizes activities for the development of all aspects of the self as an integrated whole.

Answer 13

Being in becoming orientation

Question 14

Emphasizes activities that result in the accomplishment of certain tasks within certain kind of standards.

Answer 14

Doing orientation

Question 15

There are three subdivisions that are present in some form in all systems of human relations but receive different emphasis from community to community.

Answer 15

Relational Orientation

Question 16

This stresses upon age and generational differences and upon cultural continuity. Family is more important than individual

Answer 16

Lineal Orientation

Question 17

• Emphasizes relationships based on peer group
• The stress is upon goals and welfare of this laterally extended group which is always moderately independent of other similar groups.

Answer 17

Collateral Orientation

Question 18

Individual goals are primary over the goals of specific or lineal group

Answer 18

Individualistic Orientation

Question 19

This influences the social relations of the people.
If a community system is to operate to the satisfaction of its members, they must know how to behave acceptably as part of that system.

Answer 19

Personality as a setting factor

Question 20

These are useful in describing the bond between two interacting persons.

Answer 20

Social Relationships

Question 21

These assist in ranking statuses as higher or lower, more or less important

Answer 21

Social Values

Question 22

These set the limits within which roles must be played.

Answer 22

Norms

Question 23

Describes the internalization or the automatic acceptance of the appropriate roles, values and norms

Answer 23

Socialization

Question 24

4 FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE PERSONALITY OF THE COMMUNITY

Answer 24

1. Social Relationships
2. Social Values
3. Norms
4. Socialization

Question 25

the dominant worldview of markets and economic growth—46%of the population in 2000;

Answer 25

Modernists

Question 26

a nostalgic appeal to earlier (often more religious) times—26 % of the population in 2000;

Answer 26

Traditionalists

Question 27

a worldview based on sustainability, equity, and sufficiency—28 % of the population in 2000

Answer 27

Cultural Creatives

Question 28

Three symbotypes

Answer 28

1. Modernists
2. Traditionalists
3. Cultural Creatives

Question 29

􏰀 There is a need to know the past to understand the present events.
􏰀 The past definitely live on in the present.
􏰀 Without the knowledge about the past, contemporary events cannot be fully understood.
􏰀 The study of the past also helps one find out why communities that are reasonably close together and quite similar from the standpoint of the physical environment and population characteristics differ so much in their approach to many of the problems of the day

Answer 29

Time as a setting factor

Question 30

• A crucial setting factor for any community is the larger society of which it is a part.
• A community as a social system is very difficult to understand without some reference to the national scene where social change is occurring in an accelerated scale.

Answer 30

The Larger Society as a Setting Factor

Question 31

Six Value Orientation of People

Answer 31

1. Innate Human-Nature orientation
2. Man-Nature Orientation
3. Time Orientation (Past, Present, Future)
4. Activity Orientation (Being, Being in Becoming, Doing)
5. Relational Orientation (Lineal, Collateral, Individualistic)
6. Personality as a setting factor