Lesson 4 - Types of Long-term Memory

Question 1

Who is Endel Tulving

Answer 1

• One of the first people to suggest that Multi-store model was too simplistic.
• Proposed three types fo LTM: episodic, semantic and procedural.

Question 2

Episodic Memory…

Answer 2

Ability to remember event form our lives, events are time-stamped and are consciously recalled. Eg. birth of a sibling.

Question 3

Semantic Memory…

Answer 3

This refers to our knowledge of the world and includes factual information. Semantic memory is not time-stamped. Eg. what strawberries taste like.

Question 4

Procedural Memory…

Answer 4

Is memory for how we do things, skills or actions. They require little conscious awareness to recall them. Eg. making tea.

Question 5

Who is Clive Wearing

Answer 5

• Clive Wearing had a viral infection which effected his ability to remember information.
• He now has a 7 second memory.
• Clive has intact procedural memory however his episodic memory was badly damaged.

Question 6

Evaluation points…

Answer 6

Strengths:
1. Real life application - understanding types of LTM allows psychologists to help people with memory problems. APPLICATION
2. Support from case studies - Henry Molaison and Clive Wearing both have their episodic memory severely impaired due to brain damage but their semantic memories were relatively unaffected. Support the view that there are different memory stores in LTM. RELIABILITY
Weakness:
1. There is conflicting research findings in regard to where types of LTM are in the brain. Buckner and Peterson concluded that semantic memory is located the left side of the prefrontal cortex and episodic on the right. Other research shows the other way around.