Lesson 2 + 3 - The Multi-store Model of Memory and Evaluation Flashcards
1
Q
Who proposed idea of Multi-store Model of Memory
A
Atkinson + Shiffrin
2
Q
Sensory Register…
A
- First storage system memory for memory.
- All information from environment enters through this store, has large capacity.
- Information only held for half a second in sensory store.
- It is subdivided into senses: Iconic (visual information) and Echoic (auditory information).
3
Q
Short-term memory store…
A
- STM is coded acoustically meaning that when we process information which sounds different, we process it better. VERBAL REHEARSAL
- Capacity in STM is limited to 7 +/- 2. Miller called this the ‘law of seven’. DISPLACEMENT
- The duration of STM is anywhere up to 18 secs (Peterson + Peterson). DECAY
4
Q
Long-term memory store…
A
- The last memory store.
- It requires the most work to get information to transfer into it.
- Information enters the LTM through ‘prolonged rehearsal’ (rehearsal over extended period of time).
- LTM store: unlimited capacity, unlimited duration and coded semantically.
5
Q
Strengths of MSM
A
One strength of the Multi-store Model is support from studies showing that STM and LTM are different, eg. Baddeley. Research shows consistency meaning that the MSM is reliable.
6
Q
Weaknesses of MSM
A
- Evidence from Tim Shallice and Elizabeth Warrington that there is more than one STM store. Patient KF STM for digits was poor when they were read aloud to him but his recall was much better when he read the digits to himself. RELIABILITY
- The MSM is oversimplified and studies shows that we have three types of LTM (procedural, episodic and semantic) which are not accounted for by the MSM. VALIDITY
- Task and materials are artificial and unrealistic. Jacobs used digit span and this is not how people use memory in day to day life. Reduces EXTERNAL VALIDITY of the MSM as the supporting evidence cannot be used to explain memory in real life.
