LESSON 4: THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

Question 1

your unique one of a kind identity - it molds who you are and impacts everything from your connections to the way you live.

Answer 1

Your Personality

Question 2

is defined as “Characteristic patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion
that determine a person’s adjustment to environment”. It refers to individual
differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving.

Answer 2

Personality

Question 3

had its beginnings in the work of Sigmund Freudand still exists today. It focuses on the roleof the unconscious mind in the development of personality.

Answer 3

Psychodynamic Perspective

Question 4

is based on the theories of learning. This approach focuses on the effect of the environment on behavior.

Answer 4

Behaviorist Perspective

Question 5

first arose as a reaction against the psychoanalytic and behaviorist perspectives and focuses on the role of each person’s conscious life experiences and choices in personality development.

Answer 5

Humanistic Perpsespective

Question 6

What are Jung, Adler and Horney called

Answer 6

Neo-fraudians

Question 7

They were psychologists whose work followed from Freud’s. They generally agreed with Freud that childhood experiences matter, but they decreased the emphasis on sex and focused more on the
social environment and effects of culture on personality.

Answer 7

Jung, Adler and Horney

Question 8

was the founder of the psychoanalytic movement and is probably the mostwell-known name in the field of Psychology. His creation of psychoanalysis was at once a theory of the human psyche, a therapy for the relief of its ills, and an
optic for the interpretation of culture and society.

Answer 8

Sigmund Freud

Question 9

what are the 3 levels of the mind?

Answer 9

Conscious, Preconscious and unconscious

Question 10

Freud states that personality is composed of three elements known as the?

Answer 10

ID,EGO AND SUPEREGO

Question 11

(consists of instincts and urges , operates on pleasure principle), makes demands,

Answer 11

ID

Question 12

(rational and logical, works on the reality
principle), puts restrictions on how those
demands can be met,

Answer 12

Ego

Question 13

(houses the conscience - the moral compass of our personality -
and is the source of moral anxiety). has to come up with a plan that will silence the id but satisfy the superego.

Answer 13

Superego

Question 14

are psychological strategies that are unconsciously used to protect a
person from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings.

Answer 14

Defense Mechanisms

Question 15

lt involves blocking external events from awareness.

Answer 15

Denial

Question 16

is an unconscious mechanism employed by the ego to keep disturbing or threatening thoughts from becoming conscious. It is a psychological defense mechanism in which the person refuses to consciously remember a threatening or unacceptable event, instead pushing those events into the unconscious mind.

Answer 16

Repression

Question 17

is a defense mechanism which leads an individual to deal with emotional conflicts, or internal or external stressors, by devising reassuring or selfserving but incorrect explanations for his or her own or others’ thoughts, actions, or feelings, which cover up other motives.

Answer 17

Rationalization

Question 18

Psychological defense mechanism in which unacceptable or threatening impulses or feelings are seen as originating with someone else, usually the target of the
impulses or feelings.This involves individuals attributing their own unacceptable thoughts,
feelings, and motives to another person.

Answer 18

Projection

Question 19

The converting of unwanted or
perceived dangerous thoughts, feelings, or impulses into their opposites. It is the fixation in consciousness of an idea or desire that is opposite to a feared
unconscious impulse.

Answer 19

Reaction Formation

Question 20

It is the satisfying an impulse with a substitute object. This defense mechanism involves the redirection of an impulse (usually aggression) onto a powerless
substitute target.

Answer 20

Displacement

Question 21

The individual deals with emotional conflict or external stressors by emphasizing the amusing or ironic aspects of the conflict or stressors. It involves looking for a funny aspect in an environment in which we lack
control can help us to endure it.

Answer 21

Humor

Question 22

involves the person dealing with
anxiety by adapting the behavior of a person who is more powerful towards them.

Answer 22

Identification

Question 23

This is movement back in psychological time when one is faced with stress. A defense mechanism in which a person
falls back on child-like patterns of responding in reaction to stressful situations.

Answer 23

Regression

Question 24

is a process of psychologically counterbalancing perceived
weaknesses by emphasizing strength in other arenas. By emphasizing and focusing on one’s strengths, a person is recognizing they cannot be strong at all things and in all areas in their lives

Answer 24

Compensation