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PSY 2 REVIEWERS > Lesson 2 > Flashcards

Lesson 2 Flashcards

Neurological Basis of Behavior

1
Q

A network of cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body.

A

Nervous System

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2
Q

What are the Parts of the Nervous System?

A

Central, Peripheral, Autonomic, Somatic, Parasymphathetic and Synmpathetic

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3
Q

What are the parts in the Central Nervous System?

A

Brain and Spinal Chord

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4
Q

What are the parts in the Peripheral Nervous System

A

Cranial and Spinal Nerves

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5
Q

What are the parts in the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

Heart and Smooth Muscles, Glands

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6
Q

What are the parts in the Somatic Nervous System?

A

Voluntary Skeletal Muscles

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7
Q

What is the function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Rest and Digest

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8
Q

What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system

A

Active and Alert

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9
Q

A network of cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body.

A

Neuron

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10
Q

What are the parts and structure of a Neuron

A

Axon, Dendrite, Myelin, Soma

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11
Q

are specialized cells in the nervous system that accumulate and transmit neural messages to and from the brain. Is the Basic unit in the Nervous System.

A

Neurons

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12
Q

Neurons have __________ which are the branchlike structures of the neuron that receive input/signals from other neurons

A

Dendrites

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13
Q

contains the neuron’s the nucleus that keeps the cell alive and functional,

A

Soma or Cell Body

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14
Q

carry neural messages to other
neurons, glands, or muscles.

A

Axons

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15
Q

are fatty substances that insulate and protect the icons of neurons that travel in the body.

A

Myelin

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16
Q

are tiny spaces/gaps between the
axon terminals of two neurons that allow
communication.

A

Synapses

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17
Q

(membrane-bound
spheres in the axon terminals of neurons) are responsible for the storage and the release of neurotransmitter chemicals in to the synapse between once cell and the next.

A

Synaptic Vesicle

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18
Q

Chemicals found in these synaptic vesicles that, when released, has an effect on the next cell.

A

Neurotransmitters

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19
Q

Role of Acetylcholine?

A

Muscle Functions

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20
Q

Loss of Acetylcholine?

A

Dementia

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21
Q

Oversupply of Acetylcholine?

A

Convulsions

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22
Q

Role of Dopamine?

A

Movement sensory processes, cognition

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23
Q

Loss of Dopamine?

A

Tremors/Sensory deficits

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24
Q

Oversupply of Dopamine?

A

Hallucinations/Delusions

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25
Q

Role of Endorphins?

A

Inhibit Pain, Promote good feelings

26
Q

Loss of Endorphins?

A

Stress, Pain

27
Q

Oversupply of Endorphins?

A

Euphoria

28
Q

Role of Norepinephrine?

A

Memory learning, Flight or fight response.

29
Q

Loss of Norepinephrine?

A

Depression

30
Q

Oversupply of Norepinephrine?

A

Anxiety

31
Q

Role of Serotonin?

A

Mood And Sleep regulation

32
Q

Loss of Serotonin?

A

Anxiety, Depression

33
Q

Oversupply of Serotonin?

A

Manic Episodes

34
Q

Composed of neurons and glial cells that
control the life-sustaining functions of the
body as well as all thought, emotion, and
behavior.

A

Central Nervous System

35
Q

What fluid is protecting the brain?

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

36
Q

it is the central “computer” of the CNS

A

The Brain

37
Q

How much does an adults average brain weigh?

A

1.3kg-1.4kg

38
Q

An impressive assembly of
billions of sensitive cells and
nerve fibers

A

The Brain

39
Q

What is the function of the outer part of the spinal cord?

A

transmits messages to and from the brain,

40
Q

What is the function of the inner part of the spinal cord?

A

controls lifesaving reflexes such as the pain
response.

41
Q

Cylindrical bundle of nerve fibres which is enclosed in the SPINAL COLUMN and connects nearly all parts of the body to
the brain.

A

The Spinal Cord

42
Q

made up of all the nerves and neurons
not contained in the brain and spinal
cord.

A

Peripheral Nervous System or PNS

43
Q

what are the 2 parts in the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic NS

44
Q

A group of several brain structures
located under the cortex and
involved in learning, emotion,
memory, and motivation.
Includes the thalamus,
hypothalamus, hippocampus,
amygdala, and the cingulate cortex

A

The Limbic System

45
Q

The wrinkled outermost
covering of the brain

A

Cerebral Cortex

46
Q

Cerebral Hemispheres

A

Both the left and right hemispheres can be
roughly divided into four sections.

47
Q

What are the four parts of the cerebral Hemisphere?

A

Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe

48
Q

Is responsible for motor control, Problem Solving and Speech Production

A

Frontal Lobe

49
Q

Is responsible for Auditory Processing, Language Comprehension and Memory

A

Temporal Lobe

50
Q

Is responsible for touch perception and body orientation

A

Parietal Lobe

51
Q

Is Responsible for sight and visual perception

A

Occipital Lobe

52
Q

is a dense aggregate of neural fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus Collosum

53
Q

Corpus callosum sometimes severed to reduce seizures

A

Split Brain

54
Q

glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream.

A

Endocrine Gland

55
Q

part of the hindbrain that is involved in sleep, dreaming, left-right body coordination and arousal

A

Pons

56
Q

Part of the hindbrain that controls life sustaining functions, like breathing, swallowing and heart rate.

A

Medulla

57
Q

Part of the hindbrain that controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, and fine motor movements

A

Cerebellum

58
Q

Part of the hindbrain that controls General Attention, Alertness and arousal

A

Reticular Formation

59
Q

What are the 3 major classes of neurons?

A

Afferent, Efferent and Interneurons

60
Q

are also called sensory neurons and their main responsibility is to send neural impulses from sensory receptors toward the Central Nervous System.

A

Afferent

61
Q

also called motor neurons, convey signals away from the brain and the spinal cord to the muscles and glands.

A

Efferent

62
Q

Majority of the neurons in the brain are______? they relay messages from sensory neurons to other interneurons or motor neurons.

A

Interneurons

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