Lesson 4: SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES Flashcards
A standard set of procedure or steps for developing and maintaining information
systems
Systems development methodologies
It is the traditional method
Structured Analysis
which is a latest technique, preferred by
many experts
Object-oriented Analysis
also called functional techniques, incorporating the new
software development patterns.
Agile Techniques
A development methodologies that allows the systems analyst to grasp the nature of
the system and its activites in a rational way. Uses a sequence of stages, called the Software Development Cycle (SDLC), to
prepare, analyze, develop, execute, maintain, replace and alter or enhance an
information system.
Structured Analysis
SDLC stands for
Software Development Cycle
A method used by the IT industry to design, develop, and test high quality
information systems. A framework which outlines and defines tasks performed at each steps in the software
development process
SDLC
is an international standard for software life-cycle processes
(International Organization for Standardization, 2020). It aims to be the standard defining all
the tasks required for creating and maintaining software.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207
WHAT ARE THE THREE INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT MAJOR SETS OF ACTIVITIES
Analysis activities, Design activities, Implementation activities
are performed by people who define the architecture and structure
of a new system to satisfy requirements.
Design activities
involves the actual construction, testing, and installation
of a functioning information system
Implementation activities
are carried out by people who provide a thorough understanding
of the business’ information needs and requirements.
Analysis activities
ENUMERATION: 5 Phases of SDLC
- Systems Planning
- Systems Design
- Systems Analysis
- Systems Implementation
- Systems support and security
ENUMERATION: 6 Popular SDLC Models
- Waterfall Model
- Incremental Model
- V-Model
- Agile Model
- Spiral Model
- Big bang Model
a widely recorgnized SDLC Model. In this approach, the entire process of
the developing software is divided into various phases. In SDLC model, the output of one phase
acts as the input for the succeeding phase. This SDLC model is documentation-intensive,
every phase and next steps are documented accordingly.
Waterfall Model
not a separate model. It is primarily a series of waterfall cycles. At the
start of the software project, the requirements are divided into groups. The SDLC model is
followed for each team to create the software,. This SDLC is repeated, with each release
adding more functionality until all requirements are met. In this approach, every cycle acts
as the maintenance phase for the previous software release.
Incremental Model
In this SDLC model, the testing and the development phases are planned in
parallel. So, there are verification steps on the side and the validation steps on the other side. It is accompanied by Coding phase.
V-Model
With little or very little planning, it relies on all forms
of capital in software creation and coding. The criteria are known and applied according
to the situation. This approach works best for small projects with smaller size
development team which are working together. It is also common for academic software
development projects. It is an ideal model where requirements are either unknown or release
date is not specified.
Big bang Model
This approach is a practice promoting continued interaction of development and testing during the SDLC process of any project. In this approach, the whole project is divided into small incremental builds. All of these builds are present in iterations, and each iteration lasts from one to three weeks.
Agile Model
This model is a risk-driven process. This SDLC helps the team to adopt
elements of one or more process models like a waterfall, incremental, waterfall, etc. This model
embraces the best features of the prototyping model and the waterfall model. This
approach involves rapid prototyping and concurrency in design and development practices.
Spiral Model
Seeks to balance the focus between process and data by combining both into things
called objects
Object-oriented Analysis
Object-oriented uses the ____________________, is a strong modeling
method that can enhance the quality of the system analysis and design and the final
product.
UML
UML stands for
Unified Modeling Language
allows the systems analysts to specify, visualize,
and construct the details of information systems, as well as business models. It builds on
the semantics and notations of leading object-oriented techniques and has been accepted as an
industry standard and unifies them.
UML
