LESSON 4: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Question 1

Branch of chemistry that deals with carbon compounds.

Answer 1

Organic Chemistry

Question 2

A group of atoms that is responsible for the chemical behavior of the molecule.

Answer 2

Functional Groups

Question 3

Compounds made up entirely of carbon and hydrogen.

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons

Question 4

COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

These are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon to carbon double bond.

Answer 4

Alkenes

Question 5

COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

These contain one or more triple bonds between neighboring carbon atoms.

Answer 5

Alkynes

Question 6

COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

A hydrocarbon that contains an aromatic ring which is a six-carbon ring with alternative double bonds or a ring with a circle in the middle representing the double bonds. (benzene ring).

Answer 6

Aromatics

Question 7

It contains an oxygen atom that is bonded to one hydrogen atom and one carbon atom with the formula R−OHR−OH.

Answer 7

Alcohol

Question 8

It consists of an oxygen atom that forms single bonds with two carbon atoms.

Answer 8

Ethers

Question 9

It contains a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, where R-represents an alkyl or other organic substitute.

Answer 9

Thiol

Question 10

It consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to hydrocarbons.

Answer 10

Amine

Question 11

It has a carbonyl in which the carbdehydeson atom is bonded to at least one hydrogen atom.

Answer 11

Aldehyde

Question 12

It involves a carbonyl in which the carbon atom makes single bonds with two R-groups.

Answer 12

Ketones

Question 13

These are are another carbonyl-containing functional group, in which the carbon atom is bonded to an OH group on one side and either a carbon or hydrogen atom on the other.

Answer 13

Carboxylic Acids

Question 14

It contains a carbonyl where the carbon is bonded to one additional oxygen atom and one carbon or a hydrogen atom. However, the second oxygen atom is bonded to another carbon instead of to an acidic hydrogen atom.

Answer 14

Esters

Question 15

It is a carbonyl in which the carbon is attached to one nitrogen atom and one carbon or hydrogen atom.

Answer 15

Amides

Question 16

It is also known as alkyl halides, are a group of chemical compounds comprised of an alkane with one or more hydrogens replaced by a halogen atom (Group 17 atom).

Answer 16

Haloalkanes

Question 17

It is also known as a constitutional isomer. It is one in which two or more organic compounds have the same molecular formulas but different structures.

Answer 17

Structural Isomer

Question 18

It shows the arrangement of atoms in a completely different order.

Answer 18

Structural Isomerism

Question 19

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

The presentation of these isomers arises because of the tendency of branching in carbon chains.

Answer 19

Chain Isomerism

Question 20

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

The basic carbon skeleton remains unchanged, but a substituent or a group in a molecule is moved around on that skeleton.

Answer 20

Position Isomerism

Question 21

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

This isomer contains different functional groups — that is, they belong to different families of compounds.

Answer 21

Functional Group Isomerism

Question 22

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

It is a dynamic equilibrium between two compounds with same molecular formula.

Answer 22

Tautomerism

Question 23

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM

It is a type of structural isomerism in which different alkyl groups are attached to the same functional group.

Answer 23

Metamerism

Question 24

It is a type of structural isomerism where compounds having the same molecular formula but possessing open-chain and cyclic structures.