Lesson 4 - DNA Transcription Flashcards
protein-coding sequences
Exons
do not encode functional proteins
Introns
The hRNA must undergo (3) major modifications before maturing into mRNA
Capping
Polyadenylation
Splicing
referred to as the sequence of nucleotides in the RNA, where the sequence in one strand is the same as the complementary sequence of the other strand when read from the same direction on both the strands, either 5’ to 3’ or 3’ to 5’
PALINDROMIC SEQUENCES
The first nucleotide in the RNA transcript is usually ____ or ____
pppG; pppA
characteristic sequences of DNA that directs the RNA polymerases to initiate the transcription
Promoter
Involves the interaction of RNAP with DNA at a specific site or sequences of DNA
Initiation
Stages of Transcription (3)
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
synthesizes the precursor of the larger ribosomal RNAs
RNA Polymerase I
synthesizes the precursor of the mRNA synthesizes certain small nuclear RNA
RNA Polymerase II
produces the small RNAs including tRNA
RNA Polymerase III
strand that contains the gene
Coding strand (+sense)
the complementary strand that is transcribed
Template (antisense)
Transcription ends in a process called ___
Termination
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a _____ sequence near the _____ of a gene
Promoter; beginning
main transcription enzyme
RNA polymerase
the process by which RNA is synthesized from its template DNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase
DNA Transcription
DNA Transcription is base sequence of a ____ to form base sequences of a ____
dsDNA; sRNA
TEMPLATE
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. Both Strand, whole genome
B. Single Strand, small portion of genome
PRIMER (Yes or No)
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. Yes
B. No
ENZYME
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA polymerase
PRODUCT
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. dsDNA
B. ssRNA
BASE PAIR
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. A-T, G-C
B. A-U, T-A, G-C
PROOF READING (Yes or No)
A. Replication
B. Transcription
A. Yes
B. No
In replication ____ molecule is normally copied
Entire DNA
In transcription only a ____ is copied at any time and some portions of DNA are never ____
Particular gene; transcribed
